MCB 3020 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Bacterial Conjugation, Peptidoglycan, Glycocalyx

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Fluorescence microscopy: used as a diagnosis of dangerous diseases, dark-field microscopy colors background and sees shadow of organism, phase contrast microscopy uses density of different components of cell. Uses sharp tip to cut through cell: sem surface details, confocal scanning laser microscopy, uses computer integration of images from many different focal planes (angles) to generate 3-d pictures. Very sharp images! (remember) fluorescent dye attached to antibodies are used in conjunction with laser light source to produce sharp images: characterization of light and electron microscopy, magnification, resolution. Illumination source: need electron microscopy to see viruses. Lower wave length= higher resolution (what clarity is) Recap: simple stains employs basic dye to impart a color to a cell. Easy way to increase the contrast between otherwise colorless cells and a transparent background: differential stains distinguishes one group of microorganisms from another, gram stain used to separate bacteria into two major groups, gram-positive and gram- negative.

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