EPSY 3300 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Behavior Modification, Problem Solving, Operant Conditioning

• School: University of Houston
• Department: Educational Psychology
• Course: EPSY 3300
• Professor: T O Y A C O N S T O N

Document Summary

Basic view-voluntary responses are strengthened or weakened as a result of their consequences o o. Positive reinforcement-strengthening a behavior (increasing the probability that it will reoccur) by presenting a positive stimulus immediately after the behavior has occurred. Negative reinforcement-strengthening a behavior (increasing the probability that it will reoccur) by removing a negative stimulus immediately after the behavior has occurred. Presentation punishment (type i)-weakening a behavior (decreasing the probability that it will reoccur) by presenting an aversive stimulus immediately after the behavior has occurred. Removal punishment (type ii or time out)-weakening a behavior (decreasing the probability that it will reoccur) by removing a positive stimulus immediately after the behavior has occurred. Extinction-when a previously reinforced behavior decreases in frequency and eventually ceases altogether because reinforcement is withheld. Generalization-when an individual learns to make a particular response to a particular stimulus and then makes the same or a similar response in a slightly different situation.