SHS 170 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Morpheme, Nonverbal Communication, Pragmatics
Document Summary
Nature of obstructions: /s/ > passage way is completely narrowed, /ch/ > stop air ow temporarily, /m/ > air comes out of nose, /i/ > tongue moves to top of teeth. Consonant classi cation based on manner of articulation: stop plosives / obstruents: complete occlusion between articulators occur (ex. p/ /b/ /t/ , fricatives: air is forced through a narrow constriction between articulators (ex. /s/: affricates: a stop released as fricative (ex. /ch/ /dg/ /g/: nasal: the velum is lowered so that air passes into the nasal cavity (ex. /m/ /n/: approximates/glides: gradual change in the articulatory posture (ex. Consonant classi cation based on voicing: voiced: produced with laryngeal vibration (ex. /b/ /g/ /d/: voiceless: produced with no laryngeal vibration (ex. Phonology : sound system of a language. Phoneme: unique speech sounds of a language. Free morphemes: may stand alone as a word. Bound morphemes: change the meaning of original words can only be attached to free morphemes.