ANT 230 Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Dual Inheritance Theory, Total Variation, Population Genetics
12 Aug 2016
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ANT 230
4/18/16
❖ Human variation and adaptation
❖ Historical views of human variation
➢ Biological determinism
▪ Cultural and biological variations are inherited in the same way
➢ Eugenics
▪ rae iproeet through fored sterilizatio of soe groups to eourage reprodutio
among others
❖ Traditional concept of race
➢ Sie the 6s rae has ee used to refer to ulturally defied groups
➢ Race is used as a biological term, but has enormous social significance
❖ Discrimination has real consequences
➢ Discrimination – can effect education and job opportunities
▪ Can affect your socioeconomic status
• Can then effect dietary options and preference
Can cause hypertension
Can cause stress (which also causes hypertension)
❖ Polytypic
➢ A polytypic species: composed of local populations that differ in the expression of one or more
traits
➢ Ee ithi loal populatios theres a great deal of geotypi ad pheotypi ariatio
❖ More variation within than between groups
➢ Differences within local human groups account for 85-95% of total variation
➢ Differences between local human groups account for 5-15% of total variation
❖ Clinal distribution
➢ Cline
▪ Has to do with changes over geography
▪ A gradual change in the frequency of a trait or allele in populations dispersed over a
geographical space
❖ Intelligence
➢ Effected by genetics and the environment
➢ IQ changes over a lifetime; average IQ scores of different populations overlap
➢ Cognitive abilities are polygenic (more than one gene affects it)
➢ Populations do not vary in their cognitive abilities, regardless of what some popular books
suggest
❖ Human polymorphisms
➢ Characteristics with different phenotypic expressions are called polymorphisms
❖ Human biocultural evolution
➢ Humans live in cultural environments that are continually modified by their activities
➢ Evolutionary processes can be understood only within this cultural context
▪ Environment, biology and culture all affect each other
❖ Slash-and-burn agriculture
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Document Summary
Biological determinism: cultural and biological variations are inherited in the same way. Eugenics (cid:858)ra(cid:272)e i(cid:373)pro(cid:448)e(cid:373)e(cid:374)t(cid:859) through for(cid:272)ed sterilizatio(cid:374) of so(cid:373)e groups to e(cid:374)(cid:272)ourage reprodu(cid:272)tio(cid:374) among others. Si(cid:374)(cid:272)e the (cid:1005)6(cid:1004)(cid:1004)(cid:859)s ra(cid:272)e has (cid:271)ee(cid:374) used to refer to (cid:272)ulturally defi(cid:374)ed groups. Race is used as a biological term, but has enormous social significance. Discrimination can effect education and job opportunities: can affect your socioeconomic status, can then effect dietary options and preference. Can cause stress (which also causes hypertension) A polytypic species: composed of local populations that differ in the expression of one or more traits. E(cid:448)e(cid:374) (cid:449)ithi(cid:374) lo(cid:272)al populatio(cid:374)s there(cid:859)s a great deal of ge(cid:374)otypi(cid:272) a(cid:374)d phe(cid:374)otypi(cid:272) (cid:448)ariatio(cid:374) Differences within local human groups account for 85-95% of total variation. Differences between local human groups account for 5-15% of total variation. Cline: has to do with changes over geography, a gradual change in the frequency of a trait or allele in populations dispersed over a geographical space.
