BIOLOGY 225 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Active Transport, Glut2, Pancreas
Document Summary
Why do we need to consume nutrients: we are heterotrophs need to process our own food. Energy budget: energy expenditure vs. energy storage. Excess glucose = stored as glycogen advantageous as osmolality will go down. Store carbohydrates as glycogen: look @ ppt. Individual can be malnourished and over-nourished at the same time: enough calorie intake, but not the right or enough nutrients. Fat soluble vitamins once in our body, they will settle in fat cells and accumulate excess levels can be toxic: minerals. Feeding and digestion: animals cannot use macromolecules because: Polymers are too large to pass through cells. Macromolecules that make up an animal look @ ppt: digestion. Mechanical fragmentation chewing, breaking food into smaller pieces. Occurs in : mouth stomach small intestine. Salivary & pancreatic amylase starch or glycogen maltase, surcease, lactase: amylase breaks down larger carbohydrates, fructose absorption (passive): Facilitated diffusion by glut5 transporter located on small intestine (apical and basolateral side)
