BIOLOGY 305 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Melanin, Chromatin, Peptide
Document Summary
Study transmission of genetic information at 3 levels: Transmission genetics: parent to offspring within families. Molecular developmental genetics: dna to gene action within/between cells. Population-evolutionary genetics: over many generations within populations of organisms. Blending theory of inheritance: belief that inheritance = mixing of fluids like paints. Red + white = pink, so tall and short parents = middle height kid. Pea purple flower x pea white flower first generation purple offspring = no blending (self pollination) 2nd gen = purple (3) and white (1) flowers. Proposed genes (particles) didn"t mix and governed traits. Somatic cells: body cells (2 copy of genes) Gametes: egg + sperm (1 copy of gene) Two mendelian conclusions: genes don"t blend + alleles can be dominant/recessive. Chromosome theory of inheritance: genes located on chromosomes. Multifactorial hypothesis: continuous traits like height = controlled by many genes. One gene one enzyme hypothesis: genes encode enzymes control traits like color.
