BIOLOGY 171 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Punnett Square, Gynoecium, Zygosity

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29 Jun 2016

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Home work 3: explaining and predicting patterns of inheritance. The answer key is available on ctools, but we caution you to use it as sparingly as possible. Answer keys offer a false sense of security. Understanding why an answer makes sense is very different from being able to reach that answer yourself (as you will be expected to do on an exam). Additional study suggestions: for each question, label the science process skill that you are being asked to demonstrate (e. g. , making a prediction? generating a hypothesis?, basic rules of probability: http://mathbench. umd. edu/modules/prob- stat_probability/page01. htm. Uses information in lectures 3 & 4 & 5 and required for. Discussion, week 3: huntington"s disease: huntington"s disease is a disease in which certain parts of the brain waste away; symptoms usually begin later in life. In a community in venezuela, an allele for huntington"s disease (represented by the letter h) is completely dominant to the allele for no huntington"s disease (represented by a lowercase h).

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Science can be defined as a systematic approach to acquiring knowledge. Science is based upon facts and evidence rather than beliefs or superstitions. To understand Biology and science, you must first examine how scientific knowledge is obtained. Science is a process that involves several steps. Read the description of the steps involved in the scientific method in the text paying close attention to the steps outlined in Section 1.3. Then pick one of the examples below and describe the steps of the scientific method you would use to test the question or find the solution to the problem. In other words, please design a virtual experiment (using the steps of the scientific method) to test the hypothesis you make about one of the questions listed below.

Be sure to identify the steps (observation, hypothesis, prediction, experiment/test, controls, results, conclusions). In your responses to each other, help each other identify the parts of the process properly so that the results can be clearly interpreted.???

Will chilling an onion before cutting it keep you from crying?

If you shake up different kinds or brands of soft drinks (e.g., carbonated), will they all spew the same amount?

Do all breakfast cereals that say they have 100% of the U.S. recommended daily allowance (RDA) for iron really have the same amount?

Are all potato chips equally greasy (you can crush them to get uniform samples and look at the diameter of a grease spot on brown paper)? Is greasiness different if different oils are used (e.g., peanut versus soybean)?

Does eating breakfast have an effect on school performance?

Do the same types of mold grow on all types of bread?

Does increasing the ethylene concentration ripen fruit more quickly?

Can you use a household water filter to remove flavor or color from other liquids?

Does the power of a microwave affect how well it makes popcorn?

Can you tell/taste the difference between ground beef, chuck, and round after they have been cooked?

orangescorpion787

can anyone help with this really super basic lab? Feel free tomake up data, highschool level information please!

You are NOT limited to the suggested projects listed below.Think up your own unique research project!!

Projects should involve observation/measurement of livingorganisms-plants, animals, fungi, humans. They should be designedto answer a question or to test a hypothesis. Examples ofhypotheses would be; "Plants will grow more if there is morerainfall" Or "Students will get higher grades if they study more."Sample size is important when possible; make multiple measurementsof several individuals. Your project must be something thatproduces DATA that can eventually be graphed. There should be adependent variable and an independent variable. For example,"amount of rainfall" would be an independent variable and "how fastplants grow" the dependent variable.

Projects should take approximately three hours, total, tocomplete, not counting the write up, which will be a separate lab.Detailed instructions on writing your report are attached. Keepyour project simple and manageable. Submit your first project bythe due date for Project 12 (July 7th)**Please make sure that yourassignment gets to me by the due date. You will still be able toupload your assignment after the due date, but it will be marked aslate, and you will lose some points for being late.

A few examples of projects:

Is there a correlation between the size of a dog, and how longit lives? For this you will need about ten dead dogs! Ask aroundamong friends, classmates, family, about dogs that died a naturaldeath. Find out each dog's age at death, and approximate weight. Alarger sample size here would be even better. Can you explain thecorrelation?

Do humans have a physiological response (difference in pulse,blood pressure, etc.) to music? Choose three different categoriesof music, such as classical, folk, rock, or none (silence). Have atleast five people in your study, and measure their pulse (or bloodpressure) both before and after they have listened to the music for5-10 minutes. Graph the increase (or decrease) in their pulse forthe different types of music. GRAPH THE AVERAGE values for yoursubjects, not value for each individual.

Is there a correlation between a person's usual amount of sleep,and how well they perform on memory tasks? Devise a SIMPLE memorytest-it could be just to study a list of twenty random words, andthen to recall as many as possible. Give this test to at least fourpeople who usually get (a) less than 6 hours sleep, (b) 6-7 hourssleep and (c) 8 or more hours. Or, choose your own categories.Amount of sleep is your independent variable (X axis) and AVERAGEscores on the test, the dependent variable. (Y axis). GRAPH THEAVERAGE!

Include ALL relevant observations and information in precisedetail. If possible, include illustrations of your experiment, yoursubjects, your work in progress, etc.

Format for writing your Research Report:
1. Introduction

orchidsheep970

Exercise for writers (F):

Address each of the four following critical thinking areas to the statements listed below (B-F)

(I have already completed (A) so you can use it as a reference)

1. Find the conclusion- try to summarize it short enough so a person driving 65mph could read it on a billboard.

2. Establish the premise-

3. Distinguish between fact, opinion, & reasoned (using both fact & opinion) arguments by evaluating its validity

Validity/Truth of a statement can be made by:

Personal experience, reference of an established authority on subject, internal consistency, plus consistence on facts we already know as true.

4. Distinguish faulty reasoning- which is in every one of the statements!

Please answer #1-4 (listed above) for the each of the following quotes:

F. âBut people talk about cap and tax and they arenât sure exactly what weâre talking about. Letâs get back to step one. What is the problem? Why do we have to have this tax in the first place? Itâs about carbon dioxide. Well, what is carbon dioxide? Letâs just go to a fundamental question. Carbon dioxide, Mister Speaker, is a natural byproduct of nature. Carbon dioxide is natural. It occurs in Earth. It is a part of the regular lifecycle of Earth. In fact, life on planet Earth canât even exist without carbon dioxide. So necessary is it to human life, to animal life, to plant life, to the oceans, to the vegetation thatâs on the Earth, to the, to the fowl that â that flies in the air, we need to have carbon dioxide as part of the fundamental lifecycle of Earth. As a matter of fact, carbon dioxide is portrayed as harmful! But there isnât even one study that can be produced that shows carbon dioxide is a harmful gas. There isnât one such study because carbon dioxide is not a harmful gas, it is a harmless gas. Carbon dioxide is natural. It is not harmful. It is part of Earthâs life cycle. And yet weâre being told that we have to reduce this natural substance and reduce the American standard of living to create an arbitrary reduction in something that is naturally occurring in the earth. Well weâre told the crux of this problem is human activity. Itâs humans that are creating more carbon dioxide! Is that true, or is that false? Well, carbon dioxide is a natural part of Earthâs atmosphere. The carbon dioxide is perhaps three percent of the total atmosphere thatâs in the Earth. So if you take a pie chart, and you have all of Earthâs atmosphere, carbon dioxide is perhaps three percent of that total. What part of human activity creates carbon dioxide? If carbon dioxide is a negligible gas and itâs only three percent of Earthâs atmosphere, what part is human activity? Human activity contributes perhaps three

percent of the three percent. In other words, human activity is maybe 3 percent

contributing to the 3 percent of carbon dioxide thatâs in Earthâs atmosphere. Itâs so

negligible â itâs a fraction of a fraction of a fraction of a percent â that it can hardly

be â be quantified.â (Spoken on the House floor on Earth Day, April 22, 2009, by Rep. Michele Bachmann)

BIOLOGY 171 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Punnett Square, Gynoecium, Zygosity

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