NEAREAST 207 Lecture Notes - Lecture 25: Dhimmi, Umayyad Caliphate, Temple Mount
5 Jan 2017
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
636: battle of yarmuk: in the golan heights. Byzantines (100,000 soldiers) against arabs (30,000 soldiers) A byzantine emperor will never step foot on palestine again. Arabs then conquered syria, turkey, persia, expanded to the far east. Then conquered north africa, spain, southern france. Franks defeat muslims in france, they retreated to spain. All conquerings were achieved in 100 years. Biggest change the world had ever seen. Omar was the fourth caliph, lived in jerusalem. Omar knew they needed local population to stay and help run the cities. Pact ensures security of minorities in the region. Ability to live, protect property, practice religion. Minorities had to pay a dhimmi tax: protection tax. Not allowed to hold spear or sword. Arabs adopted provincial system of the romans. Califs had a disagreement over who the legitimate heir to mohammad is. One said that the prophet could only be continued through blood.
