BIOCHEM 523 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Threose, Erythrose, Stereochemistry
31 Oct 2017
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Document Summary
The simplest compound with the empirical formula (ch2o)n is found when n=1. The smallest molecules usually regarded as the monosaccharides is when n=3. There are two types of trioses: glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone. Aldoses have an aldehyde and ketoses have a ketone. Phosphorylated forms play a key role in glycolysis. No chiral centers in dha, but there is one in glyceraldehyde. Complex stereochemistry, due to multiple chiral centers and multiple (potential) branch. Multiple roles include energy storage and metabolism, structural integrity, especially in. Enantiomers are stereoisomers characterized by nonsuperimposable mirror images. Fischer projections are used to demonstrate the difference in l and d stereochemistry microbes and plant, and information, e. g. , in the immune system. For n=2, o=ch-ch2oh, hydroxyacetaldehyde dimerizes to form a dioxane derivative: 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-dioxane, which also does not function as a saccharide. The d form is prefered for any carbohydrate, although some l forms do exist.
