CHEN 3101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Pentane, Heptane, Order Of Newfoundland And Labrador
25 Dec 2014
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Observation: material spontaneously aproach a reproducible eqbm state. 1 atm supercooled h2o vapor @ 95 oc condense into liquid. @ constant t,p eqbm = single phase everywhere except along coexistence lines. Chen thermo page 1 fixed v vapor liquid. Control t,v,n: mixture vap pentane + heptane. Compositions differ plot @ fixed p = 1 atm. For a given type of system, and constraints, eqbm state appears to be unique (reproducible) (always seems to approach that same state) 2nd law: spontaneous irreversible processes always increase entropy of an isolated system (ex: universe entropy increases) Consider an isolated system (simplest case) (constant n, v, u) => claim: eqbm of an isolated system = state of maximum possible entropy. Problem: this criterion only applies to isolated systems. Chen thermo page 3 rigid adiabatic boundary constant n, v, u. More common situation: constant n, v, t or constant n, p, t. Imagine we have controlled n, p, t (second case)
