PSY2012 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Classical Conditioning, Procedural Memory, Autobiographical Memory
02.05.2018
Chapter 7: Memory Processes
What is Memory?
➢ The system by which we retain information and bring it to mind.
➢ A method of retaining the information and skills we acquire through
experience
1. Encoding: converting information into a form of usable memory.
2. Storage: retaining information in memory
• Traumatic events might stick even if we don’t want them to,
sleep, everyday life, drugs → effect memory
3. Retrieval: bringing stored information to mind; RECALL
• How do you know to do xyz?
• All these things must be in sequence. If one thing exists, it isn’t necessary
that the other exists.
Types of Memory
➢ Atkinson-Shiffrin Model
o We have sensory input coming in (reading, hearing, etc.). We get to
the phase of sensory memory. We focus on the teacher by
forgetting the background noise. The next phase is short-term
memory (will not last). For example, anything you learn for a test, will
not become a long-term memory, unless you rehearse it
repeatedly. You must practice and reread the information over and
over again to become a permanent long-term memory. However,
you should practice in different ways, because it will affect how the
memory will be stored, and for how long.
Stages of Memory Processing:
➢ Sensory Memory
o Holds large amounts of incoming information for a very short period
of time.
➢ Short-term Memory
o Holds a small amount of information for a limited time. (fades very
quickly.
➢ Experiencing Psychology: Chunking
o Grouping things together to remember better.
o i.e. Social Security number, phone numbers, ID number.
➢ Working Memory
o Adaptation of short-term memory
▪ Actively manipulates information
▪ Allows for multiple, simultaneous processes
➢ Long-term Memory
o Location of permanent memories
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
The system by which we retain information and bring it to mind. If one thing exists, it isn"t necessary that the other exists. Atkinson-shiffrin model: we have sensory input coming in (reading, hearing, etc. ). We get to the phase of sensory memory. We focus on the teacher by forgetting the background noise. The next phase is short-term memory (will not last). For example, anything you learn for a test, will not become a long-term memory, unless you rehearse it repeatedly. You must practice and reread the information over and over again to become a permanent long-term memory. However, you should practice in different ways, because it will affect how the memory will be stored, and for how long. Sensory memory: holds large amounts of incoming information for a very short period of time. Short-term memory: holds a small amount of information for a limited time. (fades very quickly.
