LIFE 121 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Marsupial, Divergent Evolution, Cyanobacteria
Document Summary
Phylogeny and systematics: linnaean classification system, carlous linnaeus 18th century taxonomist: biologist that identified, named, and classified species, binomial system nomenclature, each species assigned 2 part, latin name. Rana pipiens = species: grouped species into a hierarchy of categories, taxon: the name taxonomic unit at any given level of classification. Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species. Phylogeny and phylogenetics: phylogeny: evolutionary history of groups of organisms, phylon: tribe, genesis, evidence from fossil record and from morphological and molecular homologies, not all similar morphologies are inherited from common ancestor. Convergent evolution: species from different evolution origins may come to resemble one another if live in similar environments. Natural selection body structures or whole organs look similar but not due to common ancestor. Analogy: similarity due to convergence (different trees, but come together from same trait) Ex/ convergent evolution of placental and marsupial mammals.
