PHIL 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Modus Ponens, Soundness, James Rachels
Document Summary
Deductive argument the conclusion follows from the premises necessarily. Validity: an argument whose form guarantees that, if the premises are true, the conclusion must be also true, just a feature/part as a whole, nothing related to premises. A valid argument doesn"t have to have a valid conclusion = true. Ex: i have black hair so you have black hair. Structure: all a are b, x is a. Simple deductive argument: all human are mortal. 2: we can conclude john is mortal. Soundness: an argument which is valid and had true premises, whether an argument is sound both its form and content. Ex: obama is our president, he is on his second term, he always wear white shirts (assuming) No: bc the premises don"t correlate with one another even though all these premises are true, in which it is also not valid. If there is beer in the fridge then today will not be dull.
