SOCI 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Spurious Relationship, Dependent And Independent Variables
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2 components of a variable independent: dependent. Correlation does not imply causation: correlation relationship between variables in which they change together, they may or may not be casual. Lower income poorer health: causality the notion that a change in one factor/variable directly produces a change in another. Going to a public school causes you to get lower grades in college. Correlation: positive correlation values increase or decrease together two variables go in the same direction. Education and salary: negative correlation as one value increases/decreases, the other value increases/decreases two variables go in opposite directions. Temporal order: one thing happens before something else does, 1 comes before 2, sexual intercourse precedes pregnancy, school attendance precedes graduation taking the exam precedes getting an a in the class, eati(cid:374)g pre(cid:272)edes (cid:271)ei(cid:374)g (cid:862)full(cid:863) No spurious correlation (ruling out other alternatives: the relationship between two variables may be due to some underlying third variable.
