PSY 240 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Type I And Type Ii Errors, Statistical Inference, Inductive Reasoning
Document Summary
Inferential statistics allow us to generalize from the data we have at hand to the greater population of interest. Correlation: correlation does not imply causation, willing to test a false positive, growth in familywise alpha error rate, probability of making one or more false discoveries or type i errors when performing multiple hypotheses tests. Inductive vs. deductive logic: deductive reasoning, moves from general to specific, from theory, draw hypotheses/predictions, collect data to support or falsify the prediction. Inductive reasoning: moves from specific to the general, from observations, synthesize an overarching relationship, create a theory to potentially explain observations. Examining the relationship between drugs and robbery w/ assault: operational definition of drugs: grams of cocaine within 24 hours, operational definition of robbery: above and documented assault. True, quasi, and nonexperiments: true experiment control over independent variable settings, random assignment of subjects to iv levels, quasiexperiment selection of iv levels from natural circumstance, inability to randomly assign subjects to iv levels.