BIOL 4220 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Area Postrema, Intramuscular Injection, Rate Limiting
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Fate%of%drug%
• Route%of%administration%
• Absorption%and%distribution%
• Binding%to%target%site%
• Inactivation%
• Excretion%
Route%of%Administration%
• Oral%administration%
Thru%GI%(gastrointestinal)%tract%
Stomach%
Acidic%
Can%disintegrate%drug%(digestion)%
Absorption%mostly%in%small%intestine%
Rate%limiting%step%
Gastric%emptying%
Depends%empty%stomach%=>%30%min%
Full%stomach%=>%take%up%to%2%hr%
Can%be%recalled%
By%pumping%stomach%
If%OD%(overdose)%
Brainstem%=>%vomiting%center%
Samples%drug%(alcohol)%conc%
Induce%vomiting%
Pumping%stomach%
Detox%
Urinate%=>%flush%out%alcohol%
Decrease%ADH%(antidiuretic%hormone)%
Excrete%water%together%w/%alcohol%
First-pass%thru%liver%
Drug%metabolized%before%reaching%the%brain%
Liver%has%hepatic%enzymes%
Synthesize%upon%exposure%(mass%produce)%
Metabolize%drug%=>%tolerance%
After%first%exposure%
Need%intake%more%drugs%to%get%same%effect%