COMM 1174 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Analog Signal, Electromagnetic Spectrum, Spotify

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Music in the convergence era and relation to digitization
Early years of television broadcasting
Music Industry
I. Digitization
a. What it is:
i. The convergence of all information into bits
ii. Either ’s or ’s that are i a ahie readale ode
iii. Prior to digitization, we had analog
1. Music is propograted by sound waves
2. Sound waves travel through air
3. Big discovery in era of broadcasting: send these signals through air, wire
(telegraph) or airways through the electromagnetic spectrum
4. All of these early technologies tried to approximate the way these
sounds waves worked
5. Analog= analogous to the way they appear to the real world
6. The waves that get carried over to the radio are very similar to the
waves that get carried from a live band
iv. Digital media breaks these down into numbers
1. Does this using a process called sampling
a. Breaks up the waves into chunks and measures the frequencies
b. Tur the uer ito ’s ad ’s ad puts it ito a ode
v. Difference: almost always a certain degree of loss when using digital sampling
vi. Not as perfect of a recreation as it was during analog
vii. Advantages for digital media
1. Signals interchangeable across platforms, and devices
a. Can have both television and film on phone, and you can have
voice on phone.
b. As long as you have a computer device that can read digital
code, you can read anything that uses that code
2. No signal degradation with copies
a. Can make as many copies as long as digitalization and coding
was done correctly
b. (creates issue of piracy)
3. Digital compression: you can jam a lot more a media signal into one
thing
a. Example: phone lines: Used to only be able to carry voice over
telephone line, but now you can travel a lot more stuff over it
b. Analog signal has to send a completely new signal every time,
but with digitalization, it only needs what changed
c. With analog film, it is 24 frames per second
d. With digitization, you can add a lot more
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Document Summary

Music in the convergence era and relation to digitization. In multiple locations as well: disney: owns film studies, owns film distribution companies, owns tv studios, owns record labels, has interest in digital music stores, fragmentation leads to conglomeration, (cid:862)(cid:374)o(cid:271)ody k(cid:374)o(cid:449)s(cid:863) pri(cid:374)(cid:272)iple. In order for media companies to make money in a fragmented world, it has to own as many. It costs a ton of money to make a tv film, and you have no idea how well it will do: because it is a very high risk industry, they, offsetting flops against hits. In absence of controlled distribution: back then, used to only have 3 television channels. This helped ensure a certain level of safety and profits: but with digitization, you can no longer limit peoples choices, because of this, big companies have to offset the losses that you would lose.

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