PSY 1001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Reuptake, Action Potential, Acetylcholine
7 Jun 2018
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Chapter 3: The Brain Part 1
• The Neuron
o Neuroscience
▪ The study of the connections among the brain, mind, and behavior
o Neurons
▪ Main parts of the central nervous system that receive and transmit
information
o The brain is made up of neurons
o Parts of a Neuron
▪ Dendrites: receive info
▪ Soma: main cell body
▪ Axon: sends info across neuron
• Axon hillock is where it begins
▪ Myelin Sheath: insulation
• Node of Ranvier= space in between
▪ Terminals: contain and send info
• Neuronal Communication
o Neurons connect dendrites to axons
▪ Do not touch
▪ Prevent false signals
o Synapse
▪ Fluid filled space in between neurons through which messengers travel
o Neurons communicate in two ways:
▪ Electric signals
▪ Chemical signals
o Path:
▪ Dendrites to Axon Hillock to Down Axon to Terminals to (synapse) Next
Neuron’s Dendrites
• 2 Things to Remember
o In chemistry, opposites DO attract
o In neuron speak, negative means stop positive means gp
• Neuronal Communication
o Neurons start at resting potential
▪ Baseline state around the axon
• -70mv
▪ more negative particles inside neuron then positive
o Positive particles are attracted and leak in through gates
▪ charge inside neuron becomes more positive
o Neuron reaches threshold
▪ -50mv
o Neuron depolarizes
▪ Loses its negative charge (can reach up to +50mv)
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