ANTH 204 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: West Indies Federation, Canboulay, Calinda

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Lent (40 days of prayer, penitence & self- denial leading to easter) / site for class struggle (lower classes vs. bourgeoisie) / birthplace of calypso & steel pan music. Historical development of carnival: carnival brought from french colonies (1790s) / afro- Trinidadian street celebration (canboulay) / masquerade processions (mas) led by chantwells (call-and-response) & accompanied by drums / paraders marched to see stick fights (calinda) / Chantwells sang lewd songs with boasts & insults / colonial government banned drums after street riots (1880s) / channeled celebration into competitions (1890s) / chantwells became. Calypso singers (early 1900s) / drums eventually replaced by steel pan (1940s) Carnival parades (1950s) / steel drum bands (1960s-present) / national instrument (early 2000s) Traditional steel drum ensemble: boom pan (bass line) / guitar & cello pan (chords) / ping-pong. & double tenor (melody) / engine room (drum set & hand percussion) Cd 3 tk 6: growling tiger sings money is king (1935).

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