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BIO 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Blood Type, Abo Blood Group System, Haemophilia A

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School
URI
Department
Biological Sciences
Course
BIO 101
Professor
Jessica Adams

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Document Summary

Sex-linked traits differ in their patterns of expression in male and females. If a man is colorblind, did he inherit this condition from his mother, his father, or both parents. Because they are the only one giving the x. Can a mother not have color blindness and have a male with colorblindness. Petagree: a useful tool to document a trait of interest across multiple generation of family members. How to solve a pedigree: look for a male and female that are non afflicted but have a afflicted child. Incomplete dominance: in which the heterozygote appears to be intermediate between two homozygote. Cross a red rose crossed with a white rose making pink flower. Codominance: in which the heterozygote displays characteristics of both homozygotes. Multiple allelism: in which a single gene has more than two alleles in the population. The a and b alleles are both completely dominant to o. The a and b alleles are codominant to each other.

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Related Questions

. A recessive allele on the X chromosome is responsible for red-green color blindness in humans. This means that females have two copies (since human females are XX) and males have one copy (since human males are XY). This is called a sex-linked trait. A red-green color blind male is genotype Xn Y. A normal vision male is genotype XN Y. For this problem, a normal vision woman whose father is color-blind marries a color-blind male. N= not color blind allele, n = color blind allele. Y = Y chromosome.

a. What is the genotype of the color-blind father? Why?

b. What is the genotype of the color-blind husband? Why?

c. What is the genotype of the normal vision woman? Why?

d. What is the probability that this couple will have a son that is color-blind?

e. What is the probability that this couple will have a daughter that is color-blind?

According to the multiplication rule of probability, the chance of crossing two pea plants that are heterozygous for height and have none of four offspring showing the recessive short phenotype is:A. ¼ × ¼ × ¼ × ¼.

B. ¾ × ¾ × ¾ × ¾.

C. (¼ × ¼ × ¼ × ¼) + (¾ × ¾ × ¾ × ¾).

D. ¼ + ¼ + ¼ + ¼.

E. None of the above.

What characteristic is exhibited by an X-linked trait?

a) Only females have the trait.
b) Females inherit X-linked traits from their maternal parent only.
c) Females can inherit a gene for an X-linked trait from either parent.

d) Males inherit X-linked traits from their paternal parent only.

e) Males can inherit a gene for an X-linked trait from either parent but normally inherit it from their fathers.
What characteristic is exhibited by a Y-linked trait?
a) Y-linked traits appear only in male offspring of men with the trait.
b)Y-linked traits are only passed from father to son.
c) Y-linked traits can be passed from mother to son.
d) Both A and B are characteristics of Y-linked traits.
e) Both A and C are characteristics of Y-linked traits.
Which of the following codes for a phenotypic human male?
a) XO with a copy of SRY gene on an autosomal chromosome?
b) XXYY with one copy of the SRY gene deleted?
c) XX with a copy of SRY gene on an autosomal chromosome?
d) All of the above sex compliments results in a person with a sex phenotype of male.
e) XY with the SRY gene located on an autosomal chromosome?
In Drosophila, yellow body is due to an X-linked gene (Xy) that is recessive to the gene for gray body (X+). A homozygous gray female is crossed with a yellow male. What are the genotypes of the F1 progeny?
In some goats, the presence of horns is produced by an autosomal gene that is dominant in males and recessive in females. A horned female is crossed with a hornless male. The F1 offspring are intercrossed to produce the F2. What proportion of the F2 females will have horns?
a)1/2
b)3/4
c)1/4
d) All
None
a) Females are X+X+; males are X+Y.
b)Females are X+X+; males are XyXy.
c)Females are X+X+; males are XyY.
d) Females are X+Xy; males are XyY.
e) Females are X+Xy; males are X+Y.

Females inherit X-linked traits from their maternal parent only.
Females can inherit a gene for an X-linked trait from either parent.
Males inherit X-linked traits from their paternal parent only.
Males can inherit a gene for an X-linked trait from either parent but normally inherit it from their fathers.
Males can inherit a gene for an X-linked trait from either parent but normally inherit it from their fathers.

1. If you had a fruitfly with phenotype A, what test would you make to determine if it was Aa or AA? Explain the different outcomes expected if the fly in question is AA or Aa.

2.The sex of birds, some insects, and other organisms is determined by a ZW chromosomal arrangement in which the males have like sex chromosomes (ZZ) and females are ZW (similar to XY in humans). Assume that a recessive lethal allele on the Z chromosome causes death of an embryo in birds. What sex ratio would result in the offspring if a cross were made between a male heterozygous for the lethal allele and a normal female?

3.A recessive gene for red-green color blindness is located on the X chromosome in humans. Assume that a woman with normal vision (her father is color-blind) marries a color-blind male. What is the likelihood that this couple's first son will be color-blind?

4. One form of hemophilia is caused by a sex-linked recessive gene. Assume that a man with hemophilia marries a phenotypically normal woman whose father had hemophilia. What is the probability that they will have a daughter with hemophilia? (Note: In this problem, you must include the probability of having a daughter in your computation of the final probability.)

5. One form of hemophilia is caused by a sex-linked recessive gene. Assume that a man with hemophilia marries a phenotypically normal woman whose father had hemophilia. What is the probability that their first son will have hemophilia?