KIN 300 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Glycogenesis, Glycogenolysis, Monosaccharide
KIN 300 Lecture 3 Notes
Chapter 2: Essentials of Bioenergetics and Anaerobic Metabolic Pathways
Energy Production
Bioenergetics- Chemical process of converting food into energy, also referred to as metabolism
Energy from the sun is the ultimate source of all energy on earth
Forms of energy: Chemical, electrical, heat, mechanical
*Plants convert sunlight into carbohydrates*
*Body converts food to useful energy*
Carbohydrates
Rapid, readily available source of energy
3 forms: Monosaccharides: glucose, fructose, galactose
-6 carbon molecules in a ring
Disaccharides: maltose, sucrose
-Comprised of 2 monosaccharides
Polysaccharides: starch, cellulose, glycogen
Glycogen and Glucose
Glucose: Simple sugar (monosaccharide) also known as blood sugar; can be used for
energy or stored as glycogen
-Associated with diabetes
Glycogen: Storage form of glucose in animals (not plants); typically stored in muscle and
Liver
-Multiple glucose monomers bound together
Glycogenesis: Formation of glycogen from glucose
Glycogenolysis: Breaking down of glycogen into glucose
Glucose and glycogen are important for metabolism at rest and during exercise
Fats
-Want 20%-30% of fats in diet
-Can be metabolized for energy -Contained in both plants and animals
Two fats important for metabolism:
1. Fatty acid
-Even # of 4 to 24 carbon atoms bound in chain
-Saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated
2. Triglyceride
-Form of fatty acids stored in fat cells
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Chapter 2: essentials of bioenergetics and anaerobic metabolic pathways. Bioenergetics- chemical process of converting food into energy, also referred to as metabolism. Energy from the sun is the ultimate source of all energy on earth. Glucose: simple sugar (monosaccharide) also known as blood sugar; can be used for energy or stored as glycogen. Glycogen: storage form of glucose in animals (not plants); typically stored in muscle and. Glucose and glycogen are important for metabolism at rest and during exercise. Two fats important for metabolism: fatty acid. Even # of 4 to 24 carbon atoms bound in chain. Form of fatty acids stored in fat cells. Saturated fatty acid: contains max number of hydrogen atoms and no double bonds. Unsaturated fatty acid: does not contain max number of hydrogen atoms and has at least 1 double bond. Monounsaturated fatty acids: at least 1 double bond. Polyunsaturated fatty acids: more than 1 double bond.
