BISC 230Lgx Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Olfactory Receptor Neuron, Olfactory Receptor, Olfactory Epithelium

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Moths can only smell a single molecule - moth pheromone. Happiness can be smelled - women can detect the diference between emoions in armpit swabs. Not all chemicals are odorants: eg methane and carbon monoxide, never evolved a receptor for these since they are byproducts of fossil fuel burning. Teriary-butyl mercaptan has a roten egg smell - is added to natural gas to tell when it"s leaking. Even small molecules can be smelled: anisole (in perfumes) and benzaldahyde (almond smell) Structure of chemicals is crucial: structures that have mirror images will smell completely diferent. The olfactory apparatus is included with the nose: used to ilter, warm, and humidify air before it enters the lungs. Airborne odorants enter the nasal cavity, contact olfactory epithelium"s cilia that go through the cribriform plate (bone) to the olfactory bulb. Cribriform plate can shear of olfactory epithelium if the head is hit. Test: baby powder, chocolate, cofee, cinnamon, mothballs, peanut buter, and soap.

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