BISC 103xg Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Chromosome, Semiconservative Replication, Intron
22 Dec 2016
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They use reverse transcriptase to copy their rna into hosts dna. It makes lots of mistakes, resulting in lots of mutations. Why hiv is so hard to stop. Big ball of a viral envelope with glycoproteins on the outside. Inside is a capsid containing rna and reverse transcriptase. That original rna both makes proteins and makes new genomes. Viroids are circular rna molecules that infect plants. It"s mysterious how, they"re just nucleic acids a few hundred base pairs long. Prions are slow acting, indestructible proteins that cause brain disease in mammals. They convert proteins in your brain into themselves. Free nucleotides bond onto each side of the parent dna. Now you"ve got two complete dna molecules. It"s super accurate, like copying our textbook 20 times and making 1 mistake. Replication happens 5 prime to 3 prime on each side. Dna ligase joins small fragments into a continuous chain. Dna polymerase adds nucleotides to the growing chain and proofreads.
