ANTH 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Mousterian, Brain Size, Gene Flow
14 Dec 2016
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Document Summary
Old man of la chapelle - fist complete neanderthal skeleton (1908) Neanderthals lived only in europe (a couple in western asia) Most remains found in caves (due to ice age) Brain cage shape was long and low - thicker bone and different brain organization. Used teeth to make string for clothing (because so cold) Retro-molar gap (mandible size still big, teeth getting smaller) Features that show adaptation for cold climate. Thrusting spears to defend selves against giant cave bears, hunting big game, getting into close contact - more injury. Hyoid bone nearly identical to modern human. It is almost certain that neanderthals had speech capabilities physically. All humans descended from a single lineage from africa. Humans and neanderthals are not the same species. There is genetic support of this model. Humans evolved in the same way in africa, asia, and europe. Gene flow kept the population from speciating. Homo sapiens only outside of africa 100,000 ya.
