PSYC 336 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Representativeness Heuristic, Confirmation Bias, Daniel Kahneman
8 Dec 2020
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Document Summary
Errors caused by the heuristics can trigger other sorts of errors. X and y covary if x tends to be on the scene whenever y is, and if x tends to be absent whenever y is absent. Need to consider covariation when checking on a belief about cause and effect. People routinely detect covariation even where there is none. Ex. relationship between astrological signs, social and gender stereotypes. People seem to consider only a subset of the facts and it"s a subset skewed by their prior expectations. Guarantees mistaken judgments, even if the judgment process were 100% fairs. A biased input would lead to a biased output. Confirmation bias a tendency to be more alert to evidence that confirms your beliefs rather than to evidence that might challenge them. Neglect of base-rate information information about how frequently something occurs in general. Despite the importance of base rates, people often ignore them.
