BIO 370 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Pleiotropy, Starch, Amylase
Document Summary
Mutation: ultimate source of variation, dna: extremely accurate, not perfect, general features of mutation, deleterious effects: majority, more common than beneficial effects, pleiotropy: mutation in fibroblasts growth factor receptor 3 affects growth of all bones in body. 3rd base): synonymous mutations do not change protein (same aa est. by diff codon), nonsynonymous mutations do change protein (sickle rbc). Can result in pleiotropy: chromosome mutations, deleterious: most are harmful; occasionally beneficial, ex. Delta32 mutation in ccr5 (deletes 32 bp), prevents binding of virus to cell bc rids wbc of virus receptor = est. immunity: duplications: important source of biological novelty, ex. Amylase (amy genes) varies in copies depending on starch intake = japanese people have more copies of amy gene than. Species of drosophilia diff. by many inversions: ex. Two hypotheses: changes in environment cause favorable mutations to appear, effects of mutations are random, independent of environment, ex. To figure out where the mutation comes from, est.
