PHYS 1010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Electric Potential Energy, Superconductivity, Electric Current

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The name given to a wide range of electrical phenomena. Ex) lightning, spark when lighting a match, what holds atoms together. Central rule of electricity: opposite charges attract one another, like charges repel. Every atom is composed of positively charged nucleus surrounded by. Protons are 1800 times larger that electrons. Atoms usually have as many electrons as protons. Positive ion: atom losing one or more electrons has positive net charge. Negative ion: atom gaining one or more electrons has negative charge. Innermost = attracted very strongly to oppositely charged atomic nucleus. Outermost = attracted loosely and can be easily dislodged. In any charging process, charge is never created or destroyed. Relationship among electrical force, charge, and distance. States that for a pair of charges objects that are much smaller than the distance between them, the force between them varies directly, as the product of their charges, and inversely, as the square of the separation decreases.

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