BIO 203 Lecture Notes - Lecture 32: Meiosis, Rna Interference, Wood

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Plants defend themselves against herbivores and seed predators. Wasted energy: invested products of photosynthesis in lost body parts. Chemical: spines, thorns, prickles & trichomes, (cid:498)secondary compounds,(cid:499) not directly related to the basic metabolism, many drugs (medical and otherwise) are derived from these why? of the plant. Thorns are stems, grow from axillary buds. Prickles are outgrowths of epidermis: so really, every rose has its prickle, not its thorn. Both physical and chemical defenses can be either constitutive or induced, Induced = produced in response to damage often somewhere in between: plants frequently increase level of defense in tissues grown after an herbivore attack. Chemical: a benefit of indeterminate growth. Essential oils, taxol (breast cancer drug), rubber, glycosides: terpenoids based on hydrocarbon isoprene (c5h8, alkaloids nitrogen-containing compounds that have ring structures, phenolics aromatic ring with oh group. Derived from bark of taxus brevifolia (pacific yew) 300 mg dose from 40-ft. -tall 100-year-old tree.

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