PSYCH 450 Lecture Notes - Lecture 26: Hemolytic Disease Of The Newborn, Zika Fever, Plasmodium Falciparum
05/03/18 lecture 26: Biomedical modeling and zoonosis (e.g., SAIDS & AIDS)
• Review
o Not until about 50 years ago, there was became significant regulation on animal
research
o Animal Welfare Act 1966- dogs/cats, USDA, records
o Good Laboratory Practices 1977- NIH, The guide
o Health Res Extension 1985- ACUC review, psych wellbeing
o ICCVAM Authorization 2000- alternative testing, 3Rs
o CHIMP Act 2013- ends biomedical research with chimps
o Dalai lama- it depends on their intentions
• Rh Blood Factor
o Rh- mom attacks Rh+ females (erythroblastosis fetalis)
o Found in rhesus monkey
o Injected rhesus monkey blood into rabbits and the rabbits mounted an antibody
• Zoonosis
o Bubonic plague (bacteria)
o Influenza
o Zika
▪ Fever, rash, joint pain, red eyes
▪ Spread through mosquito bites
▪ Damages fetal brain development
▪ In 1952, a rhesus monkey in Uganda in the Zika Forest got Zika from a
mosquito
▪ Can take 3-D electron microscope image of Zika coated with antibody
• Easier to make drugs for it
• Use monkeys for it
▪ Zika spread from Africa to South America through mosquitos. Now
moving up toward America
o Yellow fever
▪ Killing howler monkeys in Brazil
▪ Found in monkeys and in people
▪ Sylvan cycle-> transmission between monkeys
▪ Urban cycle -> among people but originally from monkeys
▪ Do’t live far fro Muriquis, but luckily Muriquis are NOT getting yellow
fever
▪ Vaccine exists
o Malaria
o 90% of deaths in Africa, 86% in children under 5 years, 198 million cases
o Protozoan parasites
o Many strains, including some that infect only monkeys and apes
o Most lethal for humans is plasmodium falciparum
▪ Thought to have evolved from the gorilla or bonobo
▪ Also most infectious to NW monkeys
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