PSYCH 454 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Biological Neural Network, Neocortex, Stanley Milgram
Document Summary
Cerebral cortex --> striatum --> pallidum/nigra --> thalamus --> cerebral cortex. Nearly all of the cerebral cortex projects to the striatum except for the primary visual and auditory cortex. Basal ganglia regulates information processing in the cortex. Increased striatal activity can disinhibit thalamus via direct pathway so more information can pass through to the cerebral cortex. Direct pathway: striatum to globus pallidus internal segment. Indirect pathway: striatum to globus pallidus external segment to subthalamic nucleus to globus pallidus internal segment. Cerebral cortex --> subthalamic nucleus --> gp internal segment --> thalamus --> cerebral cortex. Increased inhibition on the thalamus and reduce information to cerebral cortex. Cerebellum plays a role in more automatic execution during/after skill learning. Motor cortex --> pontine nuclei --> cerebellum cortex --> cerebellum nuclei -> thalamus --> motor cortex. Prefontal cortex --> pontine nuclei --> cereballum cortex (different part) --> cerebellum nuclie --> thalamus --> motor cortex. Hippocampus functions: episodic memory (past events and experiences), spatial navigation.