BSCI 3234 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Great Salt Lake, African Trypanosomiasis, Coccidioidomycosis
29 Apr 2018
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Introduction to Microbiology--Lecture 1
I. Overview of Microorganisms Covered in This Course
Bacteria (singular: bacterium)
• one-celled organisms whose genetic material is not enclosed in a nuclear membrane
• 1-10 m (micrometers) in size
• classified as prokaryotes (no true nucleus)
• usually assume specific shapes
• rod-like = bacillus (plural bacilli; pronounced ba-sill-eye)
• Bacillus anthracis causes the disease: Anthrax
• spherical = coccus (pronounced kok-us) (plural cocci; pronounced kok-sye)
• corkscrew= spiral =spirillum (pronounced spy-rill-um) (plural spirilla (pronounced
spy-rill-ah)
• enclosed in cell walls made of peptidoglycan
• reproduce by division into 2 equal daughter cells
• may have flagella (whip-like appendages)
Archaea (pronounced are-key-ah)
• bacteria-like, but lack cell walls made of peptidoglycan
• 1-10 m in size
• classified as a prokaryotes ( no true nucleus)
• live in extreme environments like hot springs, and the Great Salt Lake
Fungi (singular: fungus)
• Are fungi good or bad for you? Do fungi cause diseases?
Can be good or bad; can cause diseases such as histoplasmosis, valley fever, etc.
• may be unicellular or multicellular
• as single cells 10-100 m in size, as multicellular organisms-they are macroscopic
• classified as eukaryotes
• They have a true nucleus
• cells walls made of chitin
• includes mushrooms, yeast, molds
Protozoa (singular: protozoan)
• unicellular organisms
• 10-100 m in size
• eukaryotes
• move by extension of the cell called pseudopods or by flagella (whip-like appendages) or by
cilia (multiple hair-like appendages)
• live freely or as parasites
• Do protozoa cause disease? Yes – African sleeping sickness, malaria
Algae (singular: alga)
• unicellular or multicellular, cell walls made of cellulose
• 10-100 m in size
• eukaryotes
• photosynthesize their food
• What is photosynthesis?
Process by which plants convert light energy into chemical bonds and make new
carbohydrates from carbon dioxide
• cells walls made of cellulose
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Introduction to microbiology--lecture 1: overview of microorganisms covered in this course. Archaea (pronounced are-key-ah: bacteria-like, but lack cell walls made of peptidoglycan, 1-10 m in size, classified as a prokaryotes ( no true nucleus) live in extreme environments like hot springs, and the great salt lake. Process by which plants convert light energy into chemical bonds and make new carbohydrates from carbon dioxide: cells walls made of cellulose. 1: produce oxygen and carbohydrates therefore important in ecological balance of nature. Viruses: not cellular, 30-100 nm (nanometers) in size, simple core of nucleic acid and protein, cannot be visualized with light microscope, need an electron microscope, can only replicate using the cellular machinery of other cells. Parasitic worms = helminths: multicellular, have microscopic life stages flatworms and round worms identified using microscopic techniques, example are tape worms, hookworms. Early history: biblical laws dating from the time of moses instructed soldiers to bury solid wastes.
