PSY-1200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 27: Organ Donation, Availability Heuristic

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People who study cognition focus on the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating information. Forming concepts - mental groupings of similar objects, events, ideas, and people: simplify our our thinking. Prototypes - mental image or example of a category. For some problems we solve through trial and error for others we use an algorithm: an algorithm is a step-by-step procedure that guarantees a solution. Heuristic - a simple thinking strategy that often allows us to make judgments and solve problems ef ciently; usually speedier but more error-prone than algorithms. Insight - a sudden realization of a problem"s solution; contrasts with strategy- based solutions. Forming good and bad decisions and judgements: the availability heuristic. Heuristics are used when we need to act quickly. Availability heuristic - can lead us to make the wrong decisions. !1: anything that makes the information pop to the mind - its vividness, recency, or distinctiveness - can make something seem commonplace.

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