HNFE 1004 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Choline, Broccoli, Osteoporosis

• School: Virginia Tech
• Department: Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise
• Course: HNFE 1004
• Professor: M D Lewis

Document Summary

All are essential - have to eat them. Affects where they are stored and risk for toxicity. Following absorption they leave the small intestine in chylomicrons. Often present in fatty portions of food. Toxicity can occur when consumed in excess. Not enough sun exposure makes it essential to consume in diet. Adequate intake is difficult without consuming fortified foods. Milk, mushrooms, orange juice, butter, cheese, eggs, etc. Fully activated form of vitamin d from the kidney. Increases absorption of calcium in the intestine. Active vitamin d and parathyroid hormone decrease calcium excretion by the kidneys. Calcitriol increases absorption of calcium in the intestine. In the us and canada: reduced and low fat milk and yogurt must be fortified due to loss during the removal of fat. Yellow, orange, red pigmented fruits and vegetables. Rda given as mcg of retinol activity equivalents (rae) Conversion of beta-carotene to retinol is never complete. Absorption of carotenoids from food is poor.