BIO 1030 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Sister Chromatids, Synapsis, Oogenesis
28 Feb 2017
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Chro(cid:373)oso(cid:373)al rearra(cid:374)ge(cid:373)e(cid:374)t : when the chromosomes of cancer cells become unstable, portions of the dna double helix may be lost, duplicated, or scrambled, translocations. A portion of a chromosome may break off and reattach to another chromosome. Development of cancer: cancer cells lack differentiation. May be immortal: divide repeatedly, have abnormal nuclei with abnormal number of chromosomes. Cancer cells: do not undergo apoptosis, form tumors. Do not respond to inhibitory signals: undergo metastasis (cells travel to start new tumors) and angiogenesis (form new blood vessels to nourish themselves, benign. Cancer treatment: either remove a tumor or interfere with the ability of cancer cells to reproduce, as rapidly dividing cells, they are susceptible to radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Damages dna or some aspect of mitosis. Leads to side affects: hormone therapy designed to prevent cells from receiving signals for continued growth and division. Avoid smoking- accounts for about 30% of all cancer deaths.
