L41 BIOL 4810 Lecture Notes - Lecture 28: Oxidative Phosphorylation, Cell Membrane, Thermal Conductivity
12 May 2020
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Lipids: soluble in organic solvents but only sparingly soluble in water, examples: fats, oils, certain vitamins and hormones, most membrane components, energy storage. Glycerophospholipids: typically saturated c16 and c18 fatty acids occur at the c1 position, unsaturated fatty acids are typically connected to the c2 of glycerol-3-phosphate. Common glycerophospholipids: phosphatidylcholines aka lecithins, diphosphatidylglycerols aka cardiolipins (first isolated from heart muscle, plasmalogens- abundant in heart tissue. Phosphatidylcholine: phosphatidylcholine is the major component of most eukaryotic cell membranes, many prokaryotes, including e. coli, cannot synthesize this lipid; their membranes do not contain phosphatidylcholine. Classes of lipids: sphingolipids: major membrane components, ceramides occur in small amounts in plant and animal tissues but form the parent compounds of other sphingolipids. Sphingolipids: sphingomyelins, most common sphingolipids, ceramides bearing a phosphocholine or phosphoethanolamine moiety, similar to phospholipids in conformation and charge distribution, the myelin sheath that surrounds and electrically insulates nerve cell axons is rich in sphingomyelin.
