ANTH 210 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Biological Anthropology, Macroevolution, Microevolution
Document Summary
B: habitually walking bipedally (on two feet) is a critical feature of all of the hominin species, hominins are members of the mammalian order primates. Apes, monkeys, tarsiers, lemurs, lorises and humans. Chimps, orangutans, gorillas, bonobos are the living apes. From a genetic perspective, bonobos and chimps are the closest living relative to humans. Of known gene sequences, humans and chimps are 98. 5-98. 8% identical to each other. But known sequences are a tiny fraction of our genome. So, there could possibly be a lot of variability: evolution and adaption. Evolution- a change in the genetic structure of a population from one generation to the next. In every new offspring there are new mutations. Sometimes positive, negative but most of the time they are neutral. Enough changes to speciation is called macroevolution. Adaption- an anatomical, physiological, or behavioral responses of organisms or populations to the environment: microevolution. Small genetic changes that occur within a population or species.
