HLTH 240b Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Odds Ratio, Selection Bias, Birth Weight

• School: Yale University
• Department: Global Health Studies
• Course: HLTH 240b
• Professor: Marney White

Document Summary

Research designs: study design, descripti(cid:448)e: (cid:449)hat (cid:449)e"(cid:448)e do(cid:374)e so far, who, when, where, how many, analytic, figure out why or how, causal or associative actors, categories of research designs, observational. Allocation of intervention/treatment: classifications of study designs, cohort, groups of subjects form cohort, defined by exposure status. Or other characteristic thought to relate to disease development: cohorts followed in time and development of disease is observed, can be prospective or retrospective (timing) Outcome has not occurred at beginning of study (everyone is disease-free) Inquiry determines whether prospective or retrospective: steps in conducting. Follow and collect data on outcome: relative risk and odds ratio. Rr = (incidence rate among exposed)/(incidence rate unexposed) Among exposed, x greater/lesser likelihood of developing disease. (cid:862)(cid:449)hat is the risk i(cid:374) e(cid:454)posed people as co(cid:373)pared to (cid:374)o(cid:374)- e(cid:454)posed? (cid:863) Or = (odds of disease for exposed)/(odds of disease for unexposed) Odds that exposed person develops disease, compared to odds that non-exposed develops disease.