BIOL 1406 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate, Autocrine Signalling, Signal Transduction
Document Summary
Ligand positive receptor protein= signal transduction -cellular response. Function of signal transduction is to change behavior/nature of a cell. Major source of control for protein function is phosphorylation, or dephosphorylation. Protein kinase, class of enzymes that adds phosphate groups from atp proteins. Categories as either serine-threonine or tyrosine kinase based on amino acids they modify. Autocrine signaling: important role in reinforcing developmental changes, like immune system. Secreting signals that bind to specific receptors in their own plasm. Direct contact: can occur through gap junctions. Paracrine: play role in early development/immune, short lived. Endocrine: both plants and animals use this. Channel-linked: usually selective, allows ions, multi transmembrane forms a central pore. Enzymatic: when signal binds to a receptor, activates enzymes which are protein kinases. G-protein coupled receptors: 3rd class, gets indirectly as enzymes or ion channels with the protein g. ex: peptide hormones, rod cells. Process as follows: ligand-> gpcr-> g protein -> gdp -> ion channel.
