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What is the relationship of:

- glycerol and phospholipids

- heads and tail cartoon and membrane phospholipids

- condensation reactions and synthesis of membrane phospholipids

- membrane fluidity and cell function

- length of fatty acid chains in phospholipids and membrane fluidity

- saturation of fatty acid chains in phospholipids and membrane fluidity

- amphipathic nature of cholesterol and its ability to interact with membrane phospholipids

- lipid rafts and membrane fluidity

- ether linkages in phospholipids and response to acidic conditions

- ester linkages in phospholipids and response to acidic conditions

- strong detergent such as SDS and membrane proteins

- weak detergent such as Triton X-100 and membrane proteins

- detergents and their effect on lipid bilayers

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28 Sep 2019
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Related questions


Please answer the 3 following question and provide a short reasonwhy you chose your answer.
31. You observe that in certain families the segregation of atruncated deletion variant of a chromosome
correlates with developing adult onset diabetes. This observationprovides direct experimental evidence for
which of the following. (choose one answer)
A) Chromosome theory of inheritance.
B) The cell theory of life.
C) DNA constitutes the genetic material.
D) Chromosomes have to be a certain length to preventdisease.

32. Which of the following statements concerning membrane fluidityare correct?
A) Non-covalent interactions between lipid fatty acid tails arewhat ultimately cause the phase transition of
membranes from a fluid state to a frozen state.
B) Increased fatty acid tail length and saturation will tend todecrease membrane fluidity.
C) The presence of cholesterol in the membrane will make lipidbilayers less fluid at high temperatures.
D) The presence of cholesterol in the membrane will make lipidbilayers more fluid at low temperatures.
E) All are correct
F) A, B and C are correct
G) A, B and D are correct

33. Which of the following contribute to the asymmetric nature oflipids in the plasma membrane?
A) There is a limited set of enzymes that transfer specific lipidhead groups during lipid biosynthesis.
B) The enzymes that catalyze glycolipid synthesis are only found onthe lumen side of the ER
membrane.
C) Lipid rafts flip specific phospholipids from one leaflet of themembrane to the other.
D) The rapid diffusion of proteins in the plane of the membrane canforce lipids to jump from one side
of the membrane to the other.
E) All of the above

37.The major function of the cell wall is

(A) to facilitate cell divison (B) to serve as a diffusion barrier

(C) to allow for bacterial motility (D) to provide rigid support and prevent lysis

(E) to serve as an anchor for proteins

38.Penicillin and vancomycin prevent cross-bridge formation between

(A) diaminopimelic acid and D-glutamic acid (B) L-alanine and D-alanine

(C) diaminopimelic acid and D-alanine (D) diaminopimelic acid and L-alanine

(E) D-glutamic acid and D-alanine

39.An outer membrane is found in

(A) all cells (B) all prokaryotes

(C) all bacteria (D) all Gram-negative bacteria

(E) all Gram-positive bacteria

40.The complex of DNA polymerase with its accessory components is called

(A) nucleoid (B) nucleus

(C) origin of replication (D) replisome

(E) setpum

41.Which of the following is the bacterial homolog of tubulin?

(A) FtsZ (B) MreB

(C) CreS (D) MamK

(E) MinD

42.Which of the following is an actin homolog that helps maintain cell shape?

(A) FtsZ (B) MreB

(C) CreS (D) MamK

(E) MinD

43.Which of the following is least involved in photosynthesis?

(A) phycobilisomes (B) thylakoids

(C) carboxysomes (D) chlorophyll

(E) stalks

44.Capsule is composed of

(A) nucleic acids (B) lipoproteins

(C) cardiolipin (D) polysaccharides

(E) murein

45.Pili and fimbriae are composed of

(A) nucleic acids (B) lipopolysaccharides

(C) murein (D) polysaccharides

(E) amino acids

46.Which of the following subcellular structures is involved in adherence?

(A) gas vesicles (B) storage granules

(C) pili (D) thylakoids

(E) phycobilisomes

47.As temperatures drop, membrane fluidity decreases. Which of the following changes to phospholipids will help maintain correct bacterial membrane fluidity under cold temperatures?

(A) Formation of lipid monolayer.

(B) An increase in the length of the fatty acid tails.

(C) An increase in unsaturated fatty acids.

(D) An increase in saturated fatty acids.

(E) A switch from ester linkages between fatty acids and glycerol to ether linkages.

48.Which of the following statements regarding chemotaxis is true?

(A) Attractants cause counterclockwise rotation of the flagella that makes the cells tumble

(B) Attractants cause clockwise rotation of the flagella that makes the cells run

(C) Attractants cause counterclockwise rotation of the flagella that makes the cells run

(D) Attractants cause clockwise rotation of the flagella that makes the cells tumble

(E) None of the above is true.

49.With 5 g of NaCl available, how much water is needed to make a solution at a concentration of 10 mg/mL?

(A) 0.5 mL (B) 5 mL

(C) 50 mL (D) 500 mL

(E) 5 L

50.How much of 1 M glucose stock solution is needed to make a 500-mL solution containing 25 mM glucose?

(A) 12.5 μL (B) 125 μL

(C) 12.5 mL (D) 125 mL

(E) 1.25 L

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