Question

Bipeds have __ in comparison to knuckle walkers.

longer tail for balance

shorter legs in relation to arms

more equal arm and leg length

longer legs in relation to arms

To faciliate efficient bipedal locomotion, the pelvis should be

basin shaped

behind the spine to keep the weight off the pelvis

flat and wide

long and narrow

The foot of a hominin

all of these

should have a high arch

has an enlarged big toe

has the big toe inline with other toes

In hominins, the foramen magnum is positioned

forward, at the base of the skull

wide for balance

laterally, to either the left or right side

at the back of the skull

In a biped, the __ should be angled toward the midline from the hip point to knee joint to keep the torso positioned over the center of gravity.

ossa coxae

spine

femur

foramen magnum

A comparision between the spine of a human and that of a great ape shows that a human spine

has three distinct curves - two backward and one forward - for balance

should have two distinct curves to keep the weight centered above the pelvis

is "C" shaped as a result of one backward curve in order to keep the trunk over the legs

is straight in order to facilitate upright posture

The ossa coxae and the sacrum make up the

pelvis

cranium

foot

spine

Hominins are committed to bipedalism and cannot locomote efficiently in any other way, in other words

obligate bipeds

a generalized adaptation

the hominin foot is the only part of the body structured for this purpose

similar to most members of the order primates