Fill in the blank. Elongation during translation does NOT involve ____________.
Question 16 options:
the translation of codons according to the genetic code
the formation of bonds catalyzed by the ribosome
complementary base pairing between RNA molecules
amino acids being linked together in a polypeptide
reading the DNA template 3' to 5'
For a given gene, what establishes the reading frame for translation?
Question 17 options:
the location of the enhancer relative to the gene
the first three nucleotides at the 5' end of the mRNA
the first three nucleotides at the 3' end of the mRNA
the start codon in the mRNA
the location of the promoter relative to the gene
Which of the following is the LEAST likely direct consequence of a substitution mutation?
Question 18 options:
changing the length of a protein coded for by a gene
changing one amino acid in a protein
creating a stop codon
eliminating a start codon
changing the length of the DNA molecule containing a gene
Suppose that the pre-mRNA transcript from a eukaryotic gene is 30,000 nucleotides long, and the gene codes for a sequence of 300 amino acids. What is the best explanation for the relationship between these numbers?
Question 19 options:
only the first 900 nucleotides of the pre-mRNA transcript are translated
it takes 100 nucleotides to specify a single amino acid
300 of the nucleotides in the transcript are important, and the rest are "junk"
only the last 900 nucleotides of the pre-mRNA transcript are translated
large portions of pre-mRNA transcripts are cut out during RNA processing
Suppose an individual is born into a population with a novel mutation. Is the new mutation an evolutionary change, and why?
Question 20 options:
no, because it is not a big enough change to count
yes, because new mutations are always adaptive
yes, because the appearance of a new genetic variant is a genetic change in a population
no, because not enough individuals have the mutation for it to matter
no, because most mutations are not adaptive
Fill in the blank. Elongation during translation does NOT involve ____________.
Question 16 options:
the translation of codons according to the genetic code | |
the formation of bonds catalyzed by the ribosome | |
complementary base pairing between RNA molecules | |
amino acids being linked together in a polypeptide | |
reading the DNA template 3' to 5' |
For a given gene, what establishes the reading frame for translation?
Question 17 options:
the location of the enhancer relative to the gene | |
the first three nucleotides at the 5' end of the mRNA | |
the first three nucleotides at the 3' end of the mRNA | |
the start codon in the mRNA | |
the location of the promoter relative to the gene |
Which of the following is the LEAST likely direct consequence of a substitution mutation?
Question 18 options:
changing the length of a protein coded for by a gene | |
changing one amino acid in a protein | |
creating a stop codon | |
eliminating a start codon | |
changing the length of the DNA molecule containing a gene |
Suppose that the pre-mRNA transcript from a eukaryotic gene is 30,000 nucleotides long, and the gene codes for a sequence of 300 amino acids. What is the best explanation for the relationship between these numbers?
Question 19 options:
only the first 900 nucleotides of the pre-mRNA transcript are translated | |
it takes 100 nucleotides to specify a single amino acid | |
300 of the nucleotides in the transcript are important, and the rest are "junk" | |
only the last 900 nucleotides of the pre-mRNA transcript are translated | |
large portions of pre-mRNA transcripts are cut out during RNA processing |
Suppose an individual is born into a population with a novel mutation. Is the new mutation an evolutionary change, and why?
Question 20 options:
no, because it is not a big enough change to count | |
yes, because new mutations are always adaptive | |
yes, because the appearance of a new genetic variant is a genetic change in a population | |
no, because not enough individuals have the mutation for it to matter | |
no, because most mutations are not adaptive |