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One description of the potential energy of a diatomic molecule is given by the Lennard-Jones potential,

   

where A and B are constants and r is the separation distance between atoms. Find, in terms of A and B, (a) the value r0 at which the energy is a minimum and (b) the energy E required to break up a diatomic molecule.

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Bryllant Baluyut
Bryllant BaluyutLv10
5 Nov 2020

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Related questions

the potential energy of a diatomic molecule is given by , where r is the separation of the two atoms of the molecule and A and B are positive constants. This potential energy is associated with the force that binds the two atoms together. What is the equilibrium separation—that is, the distance between the atoms at which the force on each atom is zero?

Potassium iodide can be taken as a medicine to reduce radiation dosage to the thyroid gland, before or after exposure to radioactive iodine. In the potassium iodide molecule, assume that the atoms K and I bond ionically by the transfer of one electron from K to I.

(a). The ionization energy of K is 4.34 eV, and the electron affinity of I is 3.06 eV. What energy is needed to transfer an electron from K to I, to form K+ and I- ions from neutral atoms?

(b). A model potential energy function for the KI molecules is the Lennard-Jones (12.6) potential:

 

where r is the internuclear separation distance, and σ and ε are adjustable constants. Ea is added to ensure the correct asymptomatic behavior at larger r and is the activation energy calculated in (a). At the equilibrium separation distance at r= r0 = 0.305 nm, U(r) is a minimum, and dU/dr = 0. U(r0) is the negative of the dissociation energy: U(r0) = -3.37 eV. Use the experimental values for the equilibrium separation and dissociation energy of KI to determine σ and ε.

(c). Calculate the force needed to rupture the molecule.

 

The potential energy (bonding energy), U, of two atoms at a distance, r, apart is given by


U= (-A/r^2)+(B/r^10)


If a stable molecule forms at a separation distance of 0.3 nm with a bond energy of -4eV, calculate A and B. Also find the force that must be applied to break the bond and the separation distance at which the bond will break.


I can't figure this one out.



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