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name. Once a value is entered, the program will print the greeting message with the input value.

Data Types in Python

There are three main data types in Python: numbers, strings, and booleans.

Numbers - This includes integers and floating-point numbers.

Strings - This includes textual data.

Booleans - This includes True and False values.

Converting Data Types in Python

Python has several built-in functions for converting the types of our variables. For example, we have the int() function for converting a value to an integer:

birth_year = "1982"age = 2020 - int(birth_year)print("You are " + str(age) + " years old.")

In the above example, we use the int() function to convert the birth_year string to an integer so we can subtract it from the current year.

We also have the float() function for converting a value to a float:

num = "10.5"float_num = float(num)print(float_num)

In the above example, we use the float() function to convert the num string to a floating point number.

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answer it please

Assessment Brief- Assessment 3- Group Project Unit Code/Description ICT102 – Networking Course/Subject Bachelor of Information Technology Semester September Intake - 2023 Unit Learning Outcomes Addressed 2, 4 Assessment Objective The objective of this assessment is to evaluate student’s ability to design and configure a network using a network simulator for a given scenario and configuring routers, switches, firewalls, and other network components based on specific requirements. Assessment Title/Type Assessment 3: Group Project Due Date Week 11, Friday, 5.00 PM Weighting 40% Instructions to Students See the assessment description in below Format/Structure MS Word or PDF for the report Word/Page limit Length of 500 words for the report, font Calibri 12 Referencing Style American Psychological Association (APA) Submission Guidelines • All work must be submitted on Moodle by the due date • Only one member of each group needs to submit • A PDF or Ms Word file must be submitted which includes all required steps, discussion and evidence of completion of tasks Plagiarism and Academic Integrity At CIHE, we take academic integrity seriously and expect all students to maintain the highest standards of honesty and ethical behaviour in their academic work. As a student, it is your responsibility to ensure that all your academic endeavors are conducted with integrity and in accordance with the principles of honesty, fairness, and respect for intellectual property. Please refer to “CIHE Student Academic Integrity and Honesty Policy” in the Moodle for details. Late Submission Policy An assessment item submitted after the assessment due date, without an approved extension or without approved mitigating circumstances, will be penalised. The standard penalty is the reduction of the mark allocated to the assessment item by 10% of the total mark applicable for the assessment item, for each day or part day that the item is late. Assessment items submitted more than ten days after the assessment due date are awarded zero marks. ASSESSMENT DESCRIPTION: This assignment is group-based. Each group will have 3-4 students. You can continue with the same group as for the previous assessment. In this assignment you will be designing and configuring a network for a university that has a Class B IP address of 148.23.0.0/16. There are two faculties and each faculty requires two separate subnets: one for staff and another for students. The faculty names and the number of hosts in each subnet are given below: • Faculty of Arts: 400 students and 200 staff members • Faculty of IT: 600 students and 300 staff members Part 0 Declare team members contributions in the table below: Team Member Contribution (%) Responsibilities for the Project Part 1 Divide the allocated address space between department subnets as per requirements. Summarize the IP subnets and masks in a table like this: Faculty Network Address Host IP Address Range Subnet Mask Arts - Students Arts - Staff IT – Students IT - Staff Part 2 Construct the following network topology in GNS3 or Packet Tracer simulator. Ensure that all the hostnames and network addresses are well labelled. Fig. 1. Network design Part 3 Configure the router using the assigned hostnames and IP address. Part 4 Setup Virtual PC (VPC) in each of the four subnets as shown above. The virtual PC’s provide lightweight PC environment to execute tools such as ping, and trace route. For each faculty create two VPCs for students and two VPCs for staff. Each VPC should be able to ping the other VPC in the same subnet. Part 5 Configure the access control list (ACL) on Router01 such that any traffic from Students’ subnets are blocked from entering the staff subnet. Traffic to and from other subnets should pass through. Pinging staff VPCs (in both faculties) from students’ VPCs should fail. In other words, student in each faculty should not be able to ping any staff computer in any faculty. Students can only ping students VPCs in any faculty. Staff members can ping any VPC (staff and students in any faculty). Part 6 Configure DHCP services on Router01 such that all VPCs can get IP addresses dynamically assigned. Part 7 Use the following checklist to ensure you network is configured correctly. Test ✔ IT student VPC cannot ping IT staff VPC IT student VPC cannot ping Arts staff VPC IT student VPC can ping Arts VPC Arts student VPC can ping IT student VPC IT staff VPC can ping Arts staff VPC Arts staff VPC can ping IT staff VPC IT staff VPC can ping IT student VPC IT staff VPC can ping Arts student VPC Arts staff VPC can ping IT student VPC Arts staff VPC can ping Arts student VPC For each of your routers make sure to save your running configuration using the command write mem For the VPCs use the save filename command to save the configurations to a file. Finally save the GNS3 (or Packet Tracer) project, i.e., the topology together with the startup configs. Zip the GNS3 (or Packet Tracer) project folder and submit it on Moodle with your report. Make sure your submission is complete and has all the necessary files to run the simulation. ASSESSMENT SUBMISSION: The assignment must be submitted online in Moodle. The submission must include a Zip file for the GNS3 (or Packet Tracer) project and an MS Word or PDF file for the report. Only one member of each team must submit the files. The name of all team members and their contribution level (percentage) must be shown on the first page of the report (use the table provided in Part 0). The report must include annotated screenshots as evidence for completion of each part. You need to have a separate section for each part and briefly explain what you did for that part, and then insert screenshots for the steps taken to complete that part. Each screenshot must have a short annotation (one line or two). In all screenshots, the date and time of the computer must be clearly shown in the corner (look at the sample below). Make sure the date and time of your computer is correct. In order to receive a mark for your submission, it is mandatory to present a demo of your project to your lecturer during week 12. Failure to do so will result in a zero mark for your submission. The lecturer has the discretion to adjust team contributions based on individual contributions to the demo. It is important to demonstrate your active participation and contribution to the project during the demo to ensure fair grading and assessment. Note: If you miss either the report or the GNS3 (or Packet Tracer) file, you won’t receive any mark. Marking Rubric Criteria Poor (025%) Fair (25-50%) Good (50-75%) Excellent (75-100%) Part 1 - Subnetting (6 marks) Allocation of IP addresses is wrong and need major revision The allocated address space is divided between faculty subnets as per requirements but there are some errors The IP subnets are summarized in the table The allocated address space is divided between faculty subnets as per requirements but there are minor errors The IP subnets are summarized in the table The allocated address space is divided between faculty subnets as per requirements The IP subnets are summarized in the table Part 2 - Network Diagram (4 marks) Network diagram is wrong and needs significant improvement The network topology is constructed in GNS3 or Packet Tracer simulator Poor labelling for the hostnames and network addresses The network topology is constructed in GNS3 or Packet Tracer simulator Labelling of the hostnames and network addresses needs improvement The network topology is constructed in GNS3 or Packet Tracer simulator All the hostnames and network addresses are well labelled Part 3 – Router Configuration (6 marks) The router configuration needs major improvements to address the requirements The router configuration needs minor improvements to address the requirements Few evidence is included for router configuration The router is correctly configured Some evidence is included to show the configuration of the router The router is correctly configured Enough evidence is included to show the configuration of the router Part 4 – Setting up VPCs (8 marks) Configuration of virtual PCs needs significant improvements Some virtual PCs are correctly configured and tested using ping Few evidence is included to show the configuration of PCs and successful pings Most of virtual PCs are correctly configured and tested using ping Some evidence is included to show the configuration of PCs and successful pings All virtual PCs are correctly configured and tested using ping Enough evidence is included to show the configuration of PCs and successful pings Part 5 - Configuring the Access Control List Configuration of the access control list (ACL) needs major improvement Configuration of the access control list (ACL) needs minor improvement The access control list (ACL) is configured to manage traffic according to requirements The access control list (ACL) is appropriately configured to manage traffic according to requirements (6 marks) Few screenshots are added to show successful and unsuccessful pings Some screenshots are added to show successful and unsuccessful pings Enough screenshots are added to show successful and unsuccessful pings Part 6 - DHCP (6 marks) DHCP configuration needs major improvements DHCP configuration needs minor improvements Some screenshots have been added to show IP address allocation DHCP is appropriately configured to automatically allocate IP addresses to VPCs Some screenshots have been added to show IP address allocation DHCP is appropriately configured to automatically allocate IP addresses to VPCs Enough screenshots have been added to show IP address allocation Part 7 - Checklist (2 marks) 0-2 entries of the checklist are completed and match with screenshots 3-5 entries of the checklist are completed and match with screenshots 6-8 entries of the checklist are completed and match with screenshots All entries of the checklist are completed and match with screenshots Language (2 marks) The report is badly structured and written, containing numerous grammatical and spelling errors. The language is often confusing and inappropriate for the intended audience. The report structure and writing need improvements. It contains some grammatical and spelling errors. The language is sometimes imprecise or inappropriate for the intended audience. The report is adequately structured, clearly written, and mostly free of grammatical and spelling errors. The language is appropriate for the intended audience. The report is well-structured, clearly written, and free of grammatical and spelling errors. The language is sophisticated, precise, and appropriate for the intended audience.

What Is Network Hardware? Definition, Architecture, Challenges, and Best Practices?

Answer:

              consumes a lot of bandwidth as many computers might not need to receive the broadcasted data. The hub could be useful in linking a few gaming consoles in a local multiplayer game via a wired or wireless LAN.

         Bridges: A bridge connects two separate LAN networks. It scans for the receiving device before sending a message. This implies that it avoids unnecessary data transfers if the receiving device is not there. Moreover, it also checks to see whether the receiving device has already received the message. These practices improve the overall performance of the network.

What Is Network Hardware?

Answer:

              consumes a lot of bandwidth as many computers might not need to receive the broadcasted data. The hub could be useful in linking a few gaming consoles in a local multiplayer game via a wired or wireless LAN.

         Bridges: A bridge connects two separate LAN networks. It scans for the receiving device before sending a message. This implies that it avoids unnecessary data transfers if the receiving device is not there. Moreover, it also checks to see whether the receiving device has already received the message. These practices improve the overall performance of the network.

Type dpkg – l | less nothing
2- Type dpkg –L ncompress, no
3- Type apt-get purge ncompress, Purge is identical to remove except that
packages are removed and purged (any configuration files are deleted
too). This command is used uninstalling packages from the command
line.
4- Type aptitude install ncompress, Aptitude is a front-end to the Advanced
Packaging Tool (APT). It displays a list of software packages and allows
the user to interactively pick packages to install or remove. It has an
especially powerful search system utilizing flexible search patterns

Python is currently the most popular programming language and also the fastest growing one. The concept of Python was introduced in 1989 and it is being used widely in machine learning, data science, and artificial intelligence.

• Machine learning
• Data science
• Artificial intelligence

Python is used by big companies like Facebook and Twitter for managing and processing large amounts of data.

The language is easy to learn and has a wide range of applications. It supports multiple paradigms including object-oriented, procedural, and functional programming.

Python has been used in almost every area of programming, including by big companies like Google and YouTube.

The language is open source and has a huge community with many inbuilt packages, modules, and functions that can be used in programs without having to write them from scratch.

Python has many discussion forums where users can post queries and get answers. Frameworks like Django and Flask are available for web development.

Python offers numerous career opportunities with an average salary ranging from 8 to 12 per nm. It's no wonder why this language is so popular. In the upcoming video, we will first explore the history of Python. As the saying goes, "know your enemy before going to battle." We will be using the latest version of Python 3.x, as Python 2.x is now obsolete and no longer supported since January 2020. So, let's focus on the latest version and explore the many career opportunities that Python has to offer.

If you are 

In today's market, almost all businesses operate through the internet in some capacity, making cybersecurity professionals in high demand. Here are some free courses from Skiller that beginners in the domain can take up:

• Acquire basic computer skills and systems knowledge necessary to work your way around hundreds of platforms.
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• Get your knowledge of Linux operating systems to above-average standards as most scanning tools and exploit frameworks run exclusively on Linux-based distributions like Kali Linux and Parrot Security.
• Basic scripting skills are necessary as developing and combating exploits will require some programming skills.
• Learn the basics of hacking from scratch before moving on to practice labs or certifications.

For further growth in this domain, professionals can take the OSCP online course or the PNPT exam. Skiller offers free courses taught by subject experts, and completion certificates are awarded at the end of the course.

We hope this cybersecurity roadmap for 2023 has been informative. Feel free to leave your doubts and thoughts in the comment section below.

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Big Data Processing and Analysis: Effectively managing, processing, and analyzing vast amounts of data (big data) in real-time remains a challenge. Developing algorithms and frameworks that can handle large-scale data efficiently and extract meaningful insights is an ongoing pursuit.