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copperworm513Lv1

11 Dec 2019

How do member banks of the Federal Reserve differ from other depository institutions?

(i) They participate in the Federal Open Market Committee.

(ii) They receive services from the regional Federal Reserve Bank.

(iii) They are stockholders in their regional Federal Reserve Bank.

(iv) They are subject to the banking regulations issued by the Federal Reserve.

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Keith LeannonLv2

25 Feb 2020

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Unit 6. Monetary Policy: What works? Monetary policy by the US Federal Reserve is important for the US economy. However, economists disagree about several aspects of Federal Reserve decisionmaking powers including the composition of the Federal Reserve committees, Federal Reserve goals, and the actual impact of Federal Reserve policy on the economy. Address the following questions for this weekâs assignment: ? Provide a brief (one paragraph) overview of this weekâs material. ? Should the Federal Reserve Board focus exclusively on the problem of inflation? ? What other goals are appropriate for Federal Reserve policy? ? What is the appropriate goal for the inflation rate? ? How should the Federal Reserve Board use its policy to achieve its goals? ? How effective is the Federal Reserve monetary policy in achieving its goals? ? Is the composition of the decision-making bodies of the Federal Reserve appropriate for a democracy? For information from the Federal Reserve Board itself, go to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System at: http://www.federalreserve.gov/ The Board of Governors site contains the Fed's Beige Book, Congressional testimony and speeches of Federal Reserve Board members, Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) information, press releases, current interest rate information, and general information about the Federal Reserve System. A PDF-format version of The Federal Reserve System: Purposes and Functions, a thorough overview of the Federal Reserve System, is available by chapter or as a single document. In addition, the site contains a summary of Federal Reserve regulations. Particularly useful is the publication, âPurposes and Functions of the Federal Reserve Systemâ at: http://www.federalreserve.gov/pf/pf.htm And, âMonetary Policy: An Introductionâ http://www.frbsf.org/publications/federalreserve/monetary/index .html Criticism of the Federal Reserve Board comes from both conservatives and liberals sides. For a liberal viewpoint see the Financial Markets Center at: http://www.communityinvestmentnetwork.org/nc/single-news-itemstates/article/financial- markets-center/?tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=326 For a conservative viewpoint, see the Shadow Open Market Committee at: http://shadowfed.org/ Your final product will be a paper that: ? Addresses each of the questions above in total. ? Is APA fortatted. ? The body is to be 2 pages minimum. The requirements for your assignment are: 1. Answer each question fully 2. Define the overall subject of each question. 3. Cite at least four (4) resources from this weekâs materials

pinkgerbil311

Each Federal Reserve Bank is

Answer

		a corporation.
		a government owned enterprise.
		a government subsidized entity.
		a government-sponsored enterprise.

A transaction in which the Fed agrees to buy a security one day and sell it back the next day is

Answer

		an overnight securitization operation.
		a repurchase agreement.
		a legal tender.
		a rebate sale.

The Federal Reserve document that states the goals of the FOMC and the target for the federal funds rate is known as the

Answer

		Directive.
		Beige book.
		Bluebook.
		Green book.

How long is the normal term in office for a Governor of the Federal Reserve Board?

Answer

		Five years
		Seven years
		Fourteen years
		Life

The federal funds rate is the interest rate on

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		loans to banks from the Fed.
		loans by banks to the Fed.
		short-term loans between banks.
		Treasury bills.

Expenditures of each Federal Reserve Bank are approved by

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		the U.S. Senate.
		the President of the United States.
		the U.S. Treasury Department.
		the Federal Reserve Board of Governors.

Federal Reserve Banks pay for their central banking operations through

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		government tax revenue.
		interest on the securities they own.
		fees charged to banks that use their services.
		dividends paid by local banks.

When the Fed engages in open-market operations, the transactions are conducted by

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		the Open Market Desk at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
		the Open Market Desk at the Federal Reserve Board in Washington, D.C.
		the National Bureau of Economic Research.
		the Federal Open Market Committee.

In 2006, Chairman Greenspan left the Fed because

Answer

		President Bush wanted him to resign.
		he reached mandatory retirement age.
		his term as Governor expired.
		his term as Chairman expired.

The Federal Reserve publication that discusses forecasts for the economy is known as the

Answer

		Redbook.
		Beigebook.
		Bluebook.
		Greenbook.

The FOMC directive

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		describes forecasts for the economy.
		states the target for the federal funds rate.
		discusses the regional economies around the country.
		shows the Fed's balance sheet.

The chairman of the Federal Reserve Board who reduced the inflation rate from over 10 percent to about 3 percent in the early 1980s was

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		Arthur Burns.
		G. William Miller.
		Paul Volcker.
		Alan Greenspan.

Which Fed chairman ensured the independence of the Federal Reserve in the 1950s?

Answer

		William McChesney Martin
		Arthur Burns
		Paul Volcker
		G. William Miller

There are ____ Federal Reserve Banks.

Answer

		seven
		ten
		twelve
		fifteen

Purchases and sales of government securities in the secondary market are known as

Answer

		discount borrowing and lending.
		federal funds purchases and sales.
		discounting.
		open-market operations.

The monetary base can be divided into

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		currency plus transactions deposits.
		vault cash plus reserves held at the Fed.
		required clearing balances plus currency.
		reserves plus currency.

The Fed does not generally change reserve requirements to affect the money supply because

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		the impact is too large.
		the Fed needs the approval of Congress to do so.
		it's not legal for the Fed to do so.
		the Fed needs the approval of the President of the United States to do so.

The Fed has decided to tighten monetary policy, so it decreases the money supply through

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		defensive open-market operations.
		dynamic open-market operations.
		reduced discount loans for profit.
		reduced discount loans for business needs.

A haircut is

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		the extra collateral the Fed requires above the value of a discount loan.
		the extra principal a commercial bank requires the Fed to pay when making a discount loan.
		the difference between what an investor pays for a bond and what the investor sells the bond for.
		expected personal grooming for a member of the Board of Governors.

Currency held by the nonbank public plus banks' vault cash plus banks' deposits at the Fed equals

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		the Fed's capital stock.
		discount loans.
		the monetary base.
		required clearing balances.

The extra collateral the Fed requires above the value of a discount loan is known as

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		the term premium.
		a haircut.
		a covenant.
		secondary credit.

Currency held by the nonbank public plus banks' reserves equals

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		the Fed's capital stock.
		discount loans.
		the monetary base.
		required clearing balances.

The money supply divided by the monetary base equals

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		the reserve ratio.
		velocity.
		high-powered money.
		the money multiplier.

The main liability on the Federal Reserve's balance sheet is

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		discount loans.
		securities.
		monetary base.
		capital.

A bank in good condition may take out a loan without the Fed questioning the purpose or nature of the loan. Such a loan is known as

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		a no documentation discount loan.
		a haircut.
		a covenant.
		a primary credit discount loan.

If the Open-Market Desk at the Fed buys securities when the federal funds rate is below the primary credit discount rate, the most likely effect is that the

Answer

		federal funds rate decreases.
		primary credit discount rate decreases.
		primary credit discount rate increases.
		federal funds rate increases.

In November and December, people use more currency than usual, so the Fed increases the money supply through

Answer

		defensive open-market operations.
		dynamic open-market operations.
		discount loans for profit.
		discount loans for business needs.

Reserves held by banks at the Fed that earn implicit interest payments in the form of earnings credits for Fed services are known as

Answer

		required clearing balances.
		reserve requirements.
		excess reserves.
		non-transaction deposits.

Required clearing balances

Answer

		pay interest in the form of earnings credits.
		count as reserves and can be used to meet reserve requirements.
		pay interest equal to the federal funds rate minus one percent.
		are required to be held against transactions deposits.

1. The Federal Funds Rate is set by the Federal Reserve on the first business day of each month by faxing the rate to the member banks of each Federal Reserve District.

A. True

B. False

2. The Federal Reserve is a single Central bank located on Wall Street in New York City.

A. True

B. False

3. Which of the following is NOT true about the Federal Reserve System?

A. Terms of service of the members of the Board of Governors are longer than the number of years that a two-term President of the United States would serve.

B. The Federal Reserve System is the nation's central bank and is comprised of 12 Federal Reserve Banks that serve as bankers' banks.

C. Some of the main functions of the Federal Reserve System include the authority to control the money supply, to issue currency, to set reserve requirements, and to hold reserves.

D. While Congress controls the actions of the Federal Reserve, the President has the authority to appoint and remove private banks from the Federal Reserve System.

4. Which of the following is NOT true about restrictive monetary policy?

A. A restrictive monetary policy seeks to raise the federal funds rate.

B. A restrictive monetary policy seeks to expand the money supply.

C. A restrictive monetary policy seeks to raise the Federal Funds Rate by selling government bonds or raising the reserve requirement ratio or increasing the discount rate.

D. A restrictive monetary policy is used when the government is concerned about suddenly increasing inflation.

5. Which of the following statements is NOT true about contractionary fiscal policy?

A. Contractionary fiscal policy consists of reductions in government spending or increases in taxes.

B. Contractionary fiscal policy can include both reductions in government spending or increases in taxes.

C. Contractionary fiscal policy seeks to shift the Aggregate Demand curve to the right.

D. Contractionary fiscal policy is used when the government seeks to reduce suddenly surging inflation.

6. The Federal Reserve creates money by printing the amount of desired new money and distributing it via armored trucks and high-security railways to Federal Reserve District Banks.

A. True

B. False

7. If the Fed feared a looming recession was just around the corner, which of the following actions would it "NOT" consider?

A. The Fed would raise the discount rate.

B. In order to influence prevailing commercial interest rates to fall, the Fed would buy large amounts of government securities.

C. In order to expand the money supply (which influences prevailing commercial interest rates to fall), the Fed would either buy large volumes of government bonds, lower the reserve requirement or cut the discount rate.

D. The Fed would seek to expand the money supply because, in so doing, the federal funds rate would fall and that would stimulate commercial interest rates to fall.

8. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the ability of the Federal Reserve System to expand the money supply?

A. The Federal Reserve System uses the fractional nature of the banking system to create money in order to expand the money supply.

B. The money multiplier defines the relationship between new excess reserves throughout the banking system and the creation of money by banks in the system. It is calculated by dividing the number 1 by the Required Reserve Ratio. [1/rr].

C. If the required reserve ratio is 20%, then $80 billion in new excess reserves will create $400 billion in bank system lending throughout the entire banking system.

D. If the reserve requirement is 100%, then the banks can generate 100% in new excess reserves.

9. Which of the following is NOT true about the tools of monetary policy?

A. The Fed can alter the money supply through open market operations, changes in the reserve ratio or adjustments to the discount rate.

B. Lowering the reserve ratio would expand the money supply.

C. Raising the discount rate would restrict the money supply.

D. Adjusting the reserve requirement is the most important day-to-day method for controlling the nation's money supply.

10. If the Federal Reserve wishes to hold off a feared recession, it will sell large volumes of government bonds.

A. True

B. False

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