One of the major functions of the securities markets is to:

A) advertise the sale of stocks and bonds of major corporations.

B) provide long-term funding for investors.

C) assist businesses in funding long-term funding to finance business expansion.

D) provide investors with information and advice regarding the value of stock and bond issues offered by major corporations.

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Deanna HettingerLv2

24 Feb 2020

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32) ADRs are ________. A) securities, backed by American depositary shares (ADSs), that permit U.S. investors to hold shares of non-U.S. companies and trade them in U.S. markets B) securities, backed by Securities Exchange Commission (SEC), that permit all investors to hold shares of U.S. companies and trade them in U.S. markets C) securities, backed by American depositary shares (ADSs), that permit non-U.S. investors to hold shares of U.S. companies and trade them in U.S. markets D) securities, backed by Securities Exchange Commission (SEC), that permit U.S. investors to hold shares of non-U.S. companies and trade them in international markets.

33) The cost of preferred stock is ________. A) lower than the cost of long-term debt. B) higher than the cost of common stock. C) higher than the cost of long-term debt and lower than the cost of common stock. D) lower than the cost of convertible long-term debt and higher than the cost of common stock.

35) Regarding the tax treatment of payments to securities holders, it is true that ________. A) interest and preferred stock dividends are not tax-deductible ,while common stock dividends are tax deductible B) interest and preferred stock dividends are tax-deductible, while common stock dividends are not tax-deductible C) common stock dividends and preferred stock dividends are tax-deductible, while interest is not tax-deductible D) common stock dividends and preferred stock dividends are not tax-deductible, while interest is tax-deductible

36) According to the efficient market hypothesis, prices of actively traded stocks ________. A) can be under- or over-valued in an efficient market B) can only be under-valued in an efficient market C) do not differ from their true values in an efficient market D) can only be over-valued in an efficient market

Many businesses find it generally more efficient to enlist the services of a financial institution when it comes time to raise capital: IE. Investment Banks: An organization that underwrites and distributes new investment securities and helps business obtain financing. Commercial Banks: The traditional department store type of financing serving a variety of savers and borrowers. Financial Service Corporations: A firm that offers a wide range of financial services, including investment banking, brokerage operations, insurance, and commercial banking. Credit Unions: Cooperative association whose members have a common bond such as employees of the same firm. Pension Funds: Retirement plans funded by corporations or government agencies. Life Insurance Companies: Take annual premium payments and invest these funds in stocks, bonds, or real estate and make payments to beneficiaries of the insured parties. Mutual Funds: Corporations that accept money from savers and then use these funds to buy stocks, long-term bonds, or short-term debt issued by business or government. They typically pool funds to reduce risk by diversification. Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs): Buy a portfolio of stocks of a certain type of business sector. IE. media companies, oil companies, Chinese companies, etc. and then sell their own shares to the public. Hedge Funds: Not regulated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Typically have large minimum investments of over $1 million and marketed to individuals an institutions with high net worth. Private Equity Companies: Target, buy, and then manage entire firms. Most of the money used to buy these companies is borrowed. Why are the various financial instruments considered claims against a company's future cash flows ?

If the economy continues to be strong, Carson Company may need to increase its production capacity by about 50 percent over the next few years to satisfy demand. It would need financing to expand and accommodate the increase in production. Recall that the yield curve is currently upward sloping. Also recall that Carson is concerned about a possible slowing of the economy because of potential Fed actions to reduce inflation. It needs funding to cover payments for supplies. It is also considering issuing stock or bonds to raise funds in the next year.

a. Assume that Carson has two choices to satisfy the increased demand for its products. It could increase production by 10 percent with its existing facilities by obtaining short-term financing to cover the extra production expense and then using a portion of the revenue received to finance this level of production in the future. Alternatively, it could issue bonds and use the proceeds to buy a larger facility that would allow for 50 percent more capacity. Which alternative should Carson select?

b. Carson currently has a large amount of debt, and its assets have already been pledged to back up its existing debt. It does not have additional collateral. At this time, the credit risk premium it would pay is similar in the short-term and long-term debt markets. Does this imply that the cost of financing is the same in both markets?

c. Should Carson consider using a call provision if it issues bonds? Why? Why might Carson decide not to include a call provision on the bonds?

d. If Carson issues bonds, it would be a relatively small bond offering. Should Carson consider a private placement of bonds? What type of investor might be interested in participating in a private placement? Do you think Carson could offer the same yield on a private placement as it could on a public placement? Explain.

e. Financial institutions such as insurance companies and pension funds commonly purchase bonds. Explain the flow of funds that runs through these financial institutions and ultimately reaches corporations that issue bonds such as Carson Company.

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