Briefly answer the following: With an example, explain the difference between a microstate and a macrostate. Let a, b be two accessible microstates. Is it correct to say that the system can go from a rightarrow b just as likely as from b rightarrow a? Let X, Y be two macrostates of a system. Is it okay to assume that the system can change from X rightarrow Y just as likely as from Y rightarrow X? What is the change of entropy in a quasi-static, reversible process? Does the second law of thermodynamics require that, the entropy of everything in the universe to increase? If you increase the multiplicity by a factor of 10, how much does the scaled entropy, S/k, change? Comparing some crushed ice and a glass of water of same mass, which appears more disorderly? Which has more entropy? A negative temperature is supposed to be hotter than any positive temperature. Can we keep adding energy to an ideal gas until it is so hot that its temperature becomes negative? Since T = U/ S and a thermometer can measure the temperature, does it mean that a thermometer hits intelligence and knows calculus? (Be sure to give an intelligent answer!)
