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What keeps the sun's outer layers from continuing to fall inward in a gravitational collapse?

A) Outward pressure due to super-heated gas.

B) The strong force between protons.

C) Neutrinos produced by nuclear fusion drag gas outward.

D) Electromagnetic repulsion between protons

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Vikas
VikasLv10
13 Mar 2021

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Related textbook solutions

Physics: Principles with Applications
7th Edition, 2013
Giancoli
ISBN: 9780321625922

Related questions

During most of its lifetime, a star maintains anequilibriumsize in which the inward force of gravity on each atomis balancedby an outward pressure force due to the heat of thenuclearreactions in the core. But after all the hydrogen "fuel"isconsumed by nuclear fusion, the pressure force drops and thestarundergoes a gravitational collapse until it becomesaneutron star. In a neutron star, the electrons andprotonsof the atoms are squeezed together by gravity until theyfuse intoneutrons. Neutron stars spin very rapidly and emit intensepulsesof radio and light waves, one pulse per rotation. These"pulsingstars" were discovered in the 1960s and arecalledpulsars.
1.A star with the mass (M= 2.0 x 10^30) and size (R= 3.5x10^8) of our sun rotates once every 35.0 days. Afterundergoinggravitational collapse, the star forms a pulsar that isobserved byastronomers to emit radio pulses every 0.200s. Bytreating theneutron star as a solid sphere, deduce itsradius.
2.What is the speed of a point on the equator of theneutronstar? Your answer will be somewhat too large because a starcannotbe accurately modeled as a solid sphere.

The weight of a star is usually balanced by two forces: thegravitational force, acting inward, and the force created bynuclear reaction, acting outward. Over a long period of time, theforce due to nuclear reactions gets weaker, causing thegravitational collapse of the star and crushing atoms out ofexistence. Under such extreme conditions, protons and electrons aresqueezed to form neutrons, giving birth to a neutron star. Neutronstars are massively heavy - a teaspoon of the substance of aneutron star would weigh 100 million metric tons on theEarth.

a) Consider a neutron star whose mass is twice the mass of the Sunand whose radius is 10.1 km. If it rotates with a period of 2.51 s,what is the speed of a point on the Equator of this star?

b) What is the value of g at the surface of this star?

c) If a satellite is to circle 10.1 km above the surface of such aneutron star, how many revolutions per minute will it make?

d) What is the radius of the geostationary orbit for this neutronstar?

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