46. Calculate the free energy change for this reaction at 25°C. Is the reaction spontaneous? (Assume that all reactants and products are in their standard states.) 2 Ca(s) + O2(g) →→2 Ca(s) AHX = -1269.8 kJ; ASix = -364.6J/K

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45. Calculate the free energy change for this reaction at 25°C. Is the reaction spontaneous? (Assume that all reactants and products are in their standard states.) C3H8(g) + 5 O2(g) — 3 CO2(g) + 4H2O(g) AHPX = -2217 kJ; ASPXn = 101.1 J/K

41. Given the values of AHix, ASixn, and T, determine Asuniv and predict whether or not each reaction is spontaneous. (Assume that all reactants and products are in their standard states.) a. AHix = +115 kJ; ASXn = -263J/K; T = 298 K b. AHix = -115 kJ; ASXn = +263J/K; T = 298 K c. AHix = -115 kJ; ASIX = -263J/K; T = 298 K d. AHix = -115 kJ; ASix = -263J/K; T = 615 K

43. Calculate the change in Gibbs free energy for each of the sets of AHxn, ASxn, and T given in Problem 41. Predict whether or not each reaction is spontaneous at the temperature indicated. (Assume that all reactants and products are in their standard states.)