HIS109Y1 Lecture Notes - Charles Alexandre De Calonne, Philosophes, Bourgeoisie
Document Summary
The french revolution i: r. turgot, de calonne. 1789: archaic kingdom, vestige of feudal, absolutist past, 25 million of france divided into clergy, nobility. & the people (3 estates: clergy was least numerous, had monopoly on all clerical occupations only 100-150,00 clerics in france (0. 5% of pop. ) Owned 10% of land of france, exempt from taxation, but poorly managed by the clerics, many were still worked by serfs (feudalism still existed among clergy) Looked upon w/ disgust by lower clergy, faithful catholics began to move away from church) Enlightenment thinkers" new ideas): translated success into power & ensured nobility would have access to wealth b/c they could influence through marriage. They saw landowning classes as oppressors, they were desperate for equitable distribution of tax & wealth. ): were v. wealthy having received opportunities by. 18th century economic expansion: owned a lot of land & money in the bank (ex. clockmakers, vendors)
