KINE 2011 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Electrochemical Gradient, University Of Manchester, Lipid Bilayer

• School: York University
• Department: Kinesiology & Health Science
• Course: KINE 2011
• Professor: Gillian Wu

Document Summary

Nerve & muscle undergo transient & rapid changes in their membrane potential. Tissues: nerve & muscle, change resting potential to produce electrical signals when excited. Neurons: receive a signal, initiate a message, transmit a message (neural communication) Muscle: initiate muscle contractions, for movement & exercise: plasma membrane has a resting potential. Two forms of electrical signals: graded potentials (short-distance signals), action potentials (long distance) Polarization: charges separated across plasma membrane, membrane has potential. Anytime membrane potential is not 0 mv (either positive/negative direction), state of polarization. Depolarization: reduction in magnitude of negative membrane potential; membranes less polarized then at resting conditions. Is a movement in positive (+) direction or upward. (inside is less negative) Repolarization: membrane back to resting potential after being depolarized. Hyperpolarization: increase in magnitude of negative membrane potential. Membrane is more polarized then at resting conditions. More negative, more charges separated then at resting, movement in the negative (-) direction/downward.